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What is the primary function of a client in a client-server architecture?
What is the primary function of a client in a client-server architecture?
Which of the following is NOT a type of server mentioned?
Which of the following is NOT a type of server mentioned?
What role do accepted protocols play in client-server communications?
What role do accepted protocols play in client-server communications?
Who typically creates the communication protocols used in client-server models?
Who typically creates the communication protocols used in client-server models?
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Which of the following protocols is specifically associated with web services?
Which of the following protocols is specifically associated with web services?
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What HTTP status code indicates that a requested page does not exist?
What HTTP status code indicates that a requested page does not exist?
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Which part of a URL specifies the protocol used for the connection?
Which part of a URL specifies the protocol used for the connection?
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What document outlines the formal specifications for Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)?
What document outlines the formal specifications for Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)?
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Which of the following protocols is NOT commonly specified in a URL?
Which of the following protocols is NOT commonly specified in a URL?
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What is the primary function of the HTTP protocol in internet communications?
What is the primary function of the HTTP protocol in internet communications?
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Which of the following is a valid example of a URL scheme?
Which of the following is a valid example of a URL scheme?
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How are servers defined in the context of HTTP communications?
How are servers defined in the context of HTTP communications?
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Which protocol is primarily used for transferring files over the internet?
Which protocol is primarily used for transferring files over the internet?
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What role does a web browser play in internet communication?
What role does a web browser play in internet communication?
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Which of the following statements correctly describes what a server is?
Which of the following statements correctly describes what a server is?
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What does HTTP stand for in the context of web communication?
What does HTTP stand for in the context of web communication?
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How does a web browser communicate with a web server?
How does a web browser communicate with a web server?
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Which of the following is typically NOT a function of a web server?
Which of the following is typically NOT a function of a web server?
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In a typical client-server model, which statement accurately describes the interaction?
In a typical client-server model, which statement accurately describes the interaction?
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Which one of the following best describes the purpose of HTTP?
Which one of the following best describes the purpose of HTTP?
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What distinguishes a web server from a traditional server?
What distinguishes a web server from a traditional server?
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Study Notes
Client-Server Model
- A single computer can run multiple processes, including clients and servers.
- Clients consume services provided by servers, often with several clients accessing the server simultaneously.
- Clients and servers usually reside on separate computers, but they can also exist on the same machine.
Types of Servers
- Various types of servers serve distinct functions, including:
- Web Server (HTTP): Delivers web content.
- Email Server (SMTP): Manages email transmission.
- DNS Server: Resolves domain names to IP addresses.
- Directory Server (LDAP): Manages directory information services.
- File Server (SMB): Provides file storage and access.
Communication Protocols
- Clients and servers communicate through accepted protocols that define message exchange methods.
- Common protocols include:
- HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
- SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
- DNS (Domain Name System)
- LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
- SMB (Server Message Block)
Web Browsers
- Web browsers (e.g., Firefox, Chrome, Edge) act as HTTP clients to access various information formats, including text, images, and videos.
- A web browser communicates with a web server to fetch resources.
Understanding Servers
- A server is a process, not a physical hardware component, that runs at a specific location providing services.
- A process is defined as a running program capable of delivering services to clients.
Request and Response Model
- Client requests made via HTTP can yield various responses from the server, such as:
- Success Response: e.g., HTTP/1.0 200 OK
- Error Response: e.g., HTTP/1.0 404 File Not Found when accessing a non-existent page.
HTTP Protocol
- The HTTP protocol facilitates request/response communications, exemplified in various requests and outcomes.
- More complex features of HTTP can be referenced in RFC2616 documentation.
Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)
- URLs provide a method for specifying locations on the web where servers can be accessed.
- A simple URL consists of three main components:
- Scheme: Protocol used for the connection (e.g., HTTP, FTP).
- Authority: Domain name or IP address of the server.
- Path: Specific resource or page on the server.
URL Elements
- Different protocols used in URLs include:
- HTTP: Used for accessing web pages.
- FTP: Designed for file transfers.
- mailto: Facilitates emailing.
- file: Refers to local files on the client’s device.
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Description
Explore the fundamentals of the client-server model, including the roles of clients and servers operating on distinct or shared machines. This quiz covers various types of servers such as web, email, and DNS servers, as well as essential communication protocols used in client-server interactions.
