Client-Server Model and Types of Servers

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a client in a client-server architecture?

To manage network resources

To host multiple server processes

To consume the services offered by a server (correct)

To provide services to other computers

Which of the following is NOT a type of server mentioned?

Web (http) server

File (smb) server

Database (sql) server (correct)

Email (smtp) server

What role do accepted protocols play in client-server communications?

They define the physical connection between client and server.

They establish the types of hardware necessary for servers.

They provide a method for exchanging messages between client and server. (correct)

They dictate the operating systems used by clients and servers.

Who typically creates the communication protocols used in client-server models?

Standardization organizations Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following protocols is specifically associated with web services?

HTTP Signup and view all the answers

What HTTP status code indicates that a requested page does not exist?

404 File not found Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a URL specifies the protocol used for the connection?

Scheme Signup and view all the answers

What document outlines the formal specifications for Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)?

RFC 3986 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following protocols is NOT commonly specified in a URL?

XYZ Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the HTTP protocol in internet communications?

To facilitate requests and responses between clients and servers. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a valid example of a URL scheme?

mailto Signup and view all the answers

How are servers defined in the context of HTTP communications?

As a process running at an advertised location. Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is primarily used for transferring files over the internet?

FTP Signup and view all the answers

What role does a web browser play in internet communication?

It acts as a client that requests information from web servers. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements correctly describes what a server is?

A server is a software process running at a designated location. Signup and view all the answers

What does HTTP stand for in the context of web communication?

HyperText Transfer Protocol Signup and view all the answers

How does a web browser communicate with a web server?

By sending requests and receiving responses in an HTTP format. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is typically NOT a function of a web server?

Running client software directly Signup and view all the answers

In a typical client-server model, which statement accurately describes the interaction?

Clients must always send the first request. Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following best describes the purpose of HTTP?

To format and transfer hypertext data over the internet. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a web server from a traditional server?

A web server communicates through HTTP with clients. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Client-Server Model

A single computer can run multiple processes, including clients and servers.
Clients consume services provided by servers, often with several clients accessing the server simultaneously.
Clients and servers usually reside on separate computers, but they can also exist on the same machine.

Types of Servers

Various types of servers serve distinct functions, including:
- Web Server (HTTP): Delivers web content.
- Email Server (SMTP): Manages email transmission.
- DNS Server: Resolves domain names to IP addresses.
- Directory Server (LDAP): Manages directory information services.
- File Server (SMB): Provides file storage and access.

Communication Protocols

Clients and servers communicate through accepted protocols that define message exchange methods.
Common protocols include:
- HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
- SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
- DNS (Domain Name System)
- LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
- SMB (Server Message Block)

Web Browsers

Web browsers (e.g., Firefox, Chrome, Edge) act as HTTP clients to access various information formats, including text, images, and videos.
A web browser communicates with a web server to fetch resources.

Understanding Servers

A server is a process, not a physical hardware component, that runs at a specific location providing services.
A process is defined as a running program capable of delivering services to clients.

Request and Response Model

Client requests made via HTTP can yield various responses from the server, such as:
- Success Response: e.g., HTTP/1.0 200 OK
- Error Response: e.g., HTTP/1.0 404 File Not Found when accessing a non-existent page.

HTTP Protocol

The HTTP protocol facilitates request/response communications, exemplified in various requests and outcomes.
More complex features of HTTP can be referenced in RFC2616 documentation.

Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)

URLs provide a method for specifying locations on the web where servers can be accessed.
A simple URL consists of three main components:
- Scheme: Protocol used for the connection (e.g., HTTP, FTP).
- Authority: Domain name or IP address of the server.
- Path: Specific resource or page on the server.

URL Elements

Different protocols used in URLs include:
- HTTP: Used for accessing web pages.
- FTP: Designed for file transfers.
- mailto: Facilitates emailing.
- file: Refers to local files on the client’s device.

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Description

Explore the fundamentals of the client-server model, including the roles of clients and servers operating on distinct or shared machines. This quiz covers various types of servers such as web, email, and DNS servers, as well as essential communication protocols used in client-server interactions.