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Questions and Answers
What is the mechanism of action of decongestants?
What is the mechanism of action of decongestants?
- They decrease inflammation in the nasal passages
- They stimulate alpha adrenergic receptors (correct)
- They block beta adrenergic receptors
- They increase histamine release
Which type of decongestant provides immediate relief but can cause rebound congestion?
Which type of decongestant provides immediate relief but can cause rebound congestion?
- Topical nasal steroid decongestants
- Topical nasal decongestants (correct)
- Oral decongestants
- Antihistamines
What is the use of topical nasal decongestants in otitis media?
What is the use of topical nasal decongestants in otitis media?
- To reduce inflammation in the ear canal
- To open up nasal passages and allow for drainage of the eustachian tube (correct)
- To prevent bacterial infection
- To relieve pain associated with ear infections
Which patients should use caution when using topical nasal decongestants?
Which patients should use caution when using topical nasal decongestants?
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What is the advantage of oral decongestants over topical nasal decongestants?
What is the advantage of oral decongestants over topical nasal decongestants?
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When are topical nasal steroid decongestants prescribed?
When are topical nasal steroid decongestants prescribed?
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What are the possible side effects of topical nasal steroid decongestants?
What are the possible side effects of topical nasal steroid decongestants?
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Study Notes
- Decongestants are drying agents that relieve clogged nasal passages by stimulating alpha adrenergic receptors.
- Topical nasal decongestants are available as sprays or drops and provide immediate relief, but can cause rebound congestion if used for more than 3-4 days.
- Topical nasal decongestants are also used in otitis media to open up nasal passages and allow for drainage of the eustachian tube.
- Topical nasal decongestants can cause local stinging and burning, and should be used with caution in patients with hypertension, coronary artery disease, diabetes, thyroid disease, or prostate problems.
- Oral decongestants have a longer effect than topical nasal decongestants, but can take a while to kick in.
- Topical nasal steroid decongestants are prescribed when nasal decongestants are not effective or have side effects. They have a direct local anti-inflammatory effect and are popular for treating allergic rhinitis.
- Topical nasal steroid decongestants can cause local burning, stinging, dryness of mucosa, and possible infection due to the vasoconstricting effect and immune system depression.
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