TDL 300 EO 01.1
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the CPSM sequence in Link 16 Radio transmission?

  • To reduce the number of pulses in the transmission
  • To minimize the pulse width
  • To add a 32 bit pseudorandom sequence for transmission security (correct)
  • To improve the frequency hopping capability

    • How many CPSM chips are there on each transmitted pulse in Link 16 Radio transmission?

  • 16
  • 32 (correct)
  • 40
  • 24

    • What defines the duration of each pulse in Link 16 Radio transmission?

  • The 6.4 usec on and 6.6 usec off timing (correct)
  • The number of pulses in the transmission
  • The 3 MHz center frequency
  • The frequency hop pattern

    • How wide is the resulting pulse in Link 16 Radio transmission?

    <p>3 MHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of frequency hopping in Link 16 Radio transmission?

    <p>To reduce spectral use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Anti-Jam feature aim to achieve in Link 16 Radio transmission?

    <p>Operate within a hostile electromagnetic environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Link Margin' refer to in the context of Link 16 Radio transmission?

    <p>&quot;It's Relative Power&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Reed Solomon EDAC?

    <p>Error detection coding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many bits are added as parity at the end of the encryption process in message encryption?

    <p>5 bits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of symbols produced by 3 words with 31 symbols each?

    <p>93</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In CCSK encode, how are each Reed Solomon symbol's 5 bits represented?

    <p>By a unique 32 chip sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Symbol Interleaving?

    <p>To make Reed Solomon more efficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process does the TSEC crypto key provide?

    <p>Transmission encryption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of coding does the MSEC crypto key provide?

    <p>Message encryption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the forward detection coding in Reed Solomon EDAC?

    <p>To detect and correct errors in the transmitted data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does TDMA stand for in the context of JTIDS/MIDS communication protocol?

    <p>Time Division Multiple Access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many time slots are there in an epoch in the TDMA protocol used in JTIDS/MIDS?

    <p>98304</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT part of a time slot in the TDMA protocol used in JTIDS/MIDS?

    <p>Power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many frames are there in each epoch in the TDMA protocol used in JTIDS/MIDS?

    <p>64</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which legacy transmission format involves 12 words and 444 pulses?

    <p>Single Pulse(P4SP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit type needs more transmit capacity in the TDMA protocol used in JTIDS/MIDS?

    <p>C2 units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of a frame in the TDMA protocol used in JTIDS/MIDS?

    <p>12 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the 1536 time slots subdivided in the TDMA protocol used in JTIDS/MIDS?

    <p>A-0, B-0, C-0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of buffering the tracks in the host system?

    <p>To transmit the tracks in the next assigned timeslot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis for packing the tracks before transmission?

    <p>The number of timeslots in the next 32 for NPG 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum number of words transmitted for packing to occur?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Link 16 Enhanced Throughput (LET)?

    <p>To add variable data rates up to 10 times the highest current throughput mode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the limitation of implementing Link 16 Enhanced Throughput (LET)?

    <p>Reduced range and anti-jam performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many data bits are transmitted in LET Mode 1?

    <p>4416 bits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines who transmits in the JTIDS system?

    <p>Preprogrammed network load</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basic unit of access in the TDMA protocol?

    <p>Timeslot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to Link 16 anti-jam capability?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many center frequencies, spaced 3 MHz apart, are used in Link 16 frequency hopping?

    <p>51</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of coding creates redundancy in Link 16?

    <p>(31,15) R/S coding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Link 16 prevent multi-path fading?

    <p>By sending redundant data on two different frequencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What frequency range does Link 16 occupy?

    <p>960-1215 MHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to pulses arriving more than 200 nanoseconds later in Link 16?

    <p>They are treated as noise (jamming)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which attribute provides a geometry advantage and improves the range ratio in Link 16?

    <p>Relay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which attribute in Link 16 contributes to the randomness and redundancy against predictor/followers and partial band/time jamming?

    <p>Spreading Fast hopping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • The CPSM (Chip Sequence Pseudo-Noise Modulation) sequence is used for pulse modulation in Link 16 Radio transmission.
    • There are 64 CPSM chips in each transmitted pulse in Link 16 Radio transmission.
    • The duration of each pulse in Link 16 Radio transmission is defined by the pulse width, which is 6.4 microseconds.

    Pulse Characteristics

    • The resulting pulse in Link 16 Radio transmission is 6.4 microseconds wide.

    Frequency Hopping

    • Frequency hopping in Link 16 Radio transmission is used to reduce the effect of jamming.
    • The Anti-Jam feature aims to achieve resistance against jamming in Link 16 Radio transmission.
    • Link Margin refers to the difference between the received signal power and the minimum required power to detect the signal in Link 16 Radio transmission.

    Reed Solomon EDAC

    • Reed Solomon EDAC (Error Detection and Correction) is used for error detection and correction in Link 16 Radio transmission.
    • 16 parity bits are added at the end of the encryption process in message encryption.

    Symbol Interleaving

    • The main purpose of Symbol Interleaving is to reduce the effect of error bursts in Link 16 Radio transmission.

    CCSK Encode

    • In CCSK encode, each Reed Solomon symbol's 5 bits are represented as a 5-bit symbol.

    Crypto Keys

    • The TSEC (Transmission Security) crypto key provides encryption for transmission security in Link 16 Radio transmission.
    • The MSEC (Multi-level Security) crypto key provides encryption for multi-level security in Link 16 Radio transmission.

    Coding

    • Forward detection coding in Reed Solomon EDAC is used to detect and correct errors in Link 16 Radio transmission.
    • TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) stands for Time Division Multiple Access in the context of JTIDS/MIDS communication protocol.

    TDMA Protocol

    • There are 1536 time slots in an epoch in the TDMA protocol used in JTIDS/MIDS.
    • Each time slot in the TDMA protocol used in JTIDS/MIDS is subdivided into 4 sub-slots.
    • There are 32 frames in each epoch in the TDMA protocol used in JTIDS/MIDS.
    • One type of legacy transmission format involves 12 words and 444 pulses.

    Unit Types

    • Fighter units need more transmit capacity in the TDMA protocol used in JTIDS/MIDS.

    Frame Duration

    • The duration of a frame in the TDMA protocol used in JTIDS/MIDS is approximately 12.8 milliseconds.

    Buffering

    • The main purpose of buffering the tracks in the host system is to improve transmission efficiency.

    Packing

    • Tracks are packed before transmission based on the minimum number of words required for packing, which is 8 words.
    • The main purpose of Link 16 Enhanced Throughput (LET) is to increase the data transmission rate.
    • The limitation of implementing Link 16 Enhanced Throughput (LET) is that it requires a hardware upgrade.

    LET Mode 1

    • 112 data bits are transmitted in LET Mode 1.

    JTIDS System

    • The NET (Network Entry Terminal) determines who transmits in the JTIDS system.
    • The basic unit of access in the TDMA protocol is a time slot.

    Anti-Jam Capability

    • Frequency hopping and coding contribute to Link 16 anti-jam capability.

    Frequency Hopping

    • 51 center frequencies, spaced 3 MHz apart, are used in Link 16 frequency hopping.

    Coding and Fading

    • Reed Solomon coding creates redundancy in Link 16, contributing to anti-jam capability.
    • Frequency hopping and delay spread contribute to Link 16's ability to prevent multi-path fading.
    • Link 16 occupies the frequency range of 962-1213 MHz.

    Pulse Arrival

    • Pulses arriving more than 200 nanoseconds later are discarded in Link 16.

    Geometry Advantage

    • The attribute that provides a geometry advantage and improves the range ratio in Link 16 is the use of JDAMS (Joint Direct Attack Munition System).

    Redundancy and Randomness

    • The attribute in Link 16 that contributes to the randomness and redundancy against predictor/followers and partial band/time jamming is the use of cryptographic keys.

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