Classifications of Law Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary aim of civil law?

  • Compensating injured persons (correct)
  • Upholding public morals
  • Punishing criminals
  • Enforcing government regulations

    • Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of criminal law?

  • Focus on private disputes (correct)
  • Action brought by the public prosecutor
  • Involves prosecuting wrongdoers for state crimes
  • Prescribes conduct deemed harmful to society

    • Which of the following categories of law governs private relations between individuals?

  • Private Law (correct)
  • Administrative Law
  • Public Law
  • Criminal Law

    • What are the essential elements that define a crime in criminal law?

    <p>Actus reus and mens rea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of law includes laws such as constitutional law and administrative law?

    <p>Public Law (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In equity law, what is the primary focus compared to common law?

    <p>Providing remedies and justice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes international law from other classifications of law?

    <p>It addresses relationships between different nations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which classification of law primarily aims to suppress crimes and penalize offenders?

    <p>Criminal Law (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What governs civil procedure?

    <p>Rules of High Court &amp; Subordinate Court (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the initiation of criminal legal actions?

    <p>Issuing a summons or an arrest (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes common law?

    <p>Created through judicial decisions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle does equity primarily aim to address?

    <p>Harsh consequences of strict legal rules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does public international law prevail between?

    <p>States or countries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is private international law defined?

    <p>Rules guiding cases involving multiple countries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which court originally formulated and administered equity?

    <p>Court of Chancery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of international law?

    <p>To establish rules for relations between states (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does civil procedure primarily govern?

    <p>The manner in which rights are enforced and how civil cases are decided (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes substantive law?

    <p>It defines rights, responsibilities, and the punishable behaviors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key focus of criminal law?

    <p>The classification of behaviors as crimes and their corresponding punishments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of law relates to the administration and enforcement of legal procedures?

    <p>Procedural Law (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of how substantive law is codified?

    <p>The Penal Code outlining crimes such as murder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Criminal procedure includes rules about which aspect of legal cases?

    <p>The determination of guilt or innocence in criminal actions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of common law?

    <p>It evolves from judicial decisions and precedents. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the relationship between administrative law and the structure of government?

    <p>Administrative law concerns the operational aspects and duties of governing bodies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Civil Law

    Deals with private disputes between individuals, enforcing contracts, and providing compensation for harm.

    Criminal Law

    Deals with offenses against the state, aiming to punish wrongdoers.

    Private Law

    Focuses on relationships between individuals and groups.

    Public Law

    Governs the relationship between individuals and the government.

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    Common Law

    Law created through judicial decisions based on precedent and custom.

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    Equity

    System of law focused on fairness and justice when common law is strict.

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    International Law

    Governs relations between countries.

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    Public International Law

    International law dealing with states.

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    Private International Law

    International law dealing with private individuals and companies.

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    Substantive Law

    Defines rights, responsibilities, and penalties.

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    Procedural Law

    Outlines the legal process for applying and enforcing laws.

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    Legal Precedent

    A decision in a previous case that guides future decisions.

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    Court of Chancery

    Historical English court that developed and administered equity.

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    Contract Law

    Deals with agreements between parties.

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    Tort Law

    Deals with civil wrongs caused by one party to another.

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    Property Law

    Deals with ownership and use of possessions.

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    Succession Law

    Deals with inheritance and wills.

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    Family Law

    Deals with marriage, divorce, and family matters.

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    Civil Procedure

    Rules for conducting civil cases.

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    Criminal Procedure

    Rules for conducting criminal cases.

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    Study Notes

    Classifications of Law

    • Law can be classified into different categories based on its focus and purpose.
    • Civil law deals with private relationships between members of a community.
      • It aims to provide compensation to injured parties or enforce obligations like contracts and trusts.
      • It covers areas such as contract law, tort law, property law, succession law, and family law.
    • Criminal law focuses on offenses committed against the state or government.
      • It aims to punish wrongdoers and suppress crime.
      • It defines actions deemed threatening, harmful, or dangerous to the safety and welfare of people.
    • Private law focuses on relationships between individuals, families, businesses, and small groups.
      • It helps resolve disputes concerning private matters.
    • Public law governs the relationship between individuals and the government, including the structure and duties of government officials.
      • Public law is divided into constitutional law, administrative law, and criminal law.

    Common Law

    • Common law developed through judicial decisions, meaning it is "judge-made" law rather than enacted by legislatures.
    • It is based on the common customs of the country and has evolved through legal precedents.

    Rules of Equity

    • Equity is a system of law based on fairness and natural justice.
    • It aims to fill gaps in the common law, applying principles like maxims to address situations where the strict application of common law would be unjust.
    • It was initially administered by the Court of Chancery, but later became integrated into all English courts.

    International Law

    • International law governs the relationships between states or countries.
    • It provides a framework for stable and organized international relations.
    • Public international law applies between states.
    • Private international law deals with situations where the laws of multiple countries are relevant to a case.
    • Private international law helps determine which country's law should apply and how to resolve conflicts.

    Substantive Law

    • Substantive law defines rights and responsibilities in civil law and crimes and punishments in criminal law.
    • It dictates which behaviors are permissible and which are prohibited.

    Procedural Law

    • Procedural law outlines the procedures by which substantive laws are applied, enforced, and changed.
    • It governs the way cases are heard in court, including steps like evidence presentation and judgment execution.
    • Examples of procedural law include civil procedure rules (governing civil cases) and the Criminal Procedure Code (governing criminal cases).

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    Introduction to Law & Legal Method PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the various classifications of law, including civil, criminal, private, and public law. This quiz covers their distinct purposes and areas of focus, helping you understand how different laws apply to society and individuals. Challenge yourself and learn more about the legal system.

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