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Questions and Answers
What is a homogeneous mixture also known as?
Give an example of a colloid.
Milk
An element is composed of more than one kind of atom.
False
Which of the following is an example of a solid?
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What is plasma?
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Water vapor condenses back to liquid water to form ______.
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Match the following phase transitions with their descriptions:
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What is the process of adding heat to a gas to turn it into ions called?
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What happens during melting?
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Study Notes
Classifications of Matter
- Mixture: a substance with varying compositions.
- Pure Substance: a substance with uniform composition.
- Heterogeneous Mixture: components are still identifiable.
- Examples: Garden salad, Trail mix
- Colloid: observed properties as homogeneous mixtures, but heterogeneous when tested.
- Examples: Milk, Styling gel
- Homogeneous Mixture (Solution): very uniform composition.
- Examples: Brine (saltwater), Orange juice drink
- Heterogeneous Mixture: components are still identifiable.
- Element: a substance composed of only one kind of atom.
- Examples: Ds (Darmstadtium), H (Hydrogen)
- Compound: a substance composed of molecules, a combination of atoms from 2 or more elements.
- Examples: Aqua Fortis (HNCO3), Water (H2O)
Phases of Matter
- Solid: defined shape, very little to no molecular movement
- Example: Diamond
- Liquid: molecular movement dictated by flow rate, takes shape of container
- Example: Glass of lemon juice
- Gas: high molecular movement, looser molecular structure than liquid
- Example: Air we breathe
- Plasma: very high molecular movement due to absorbed and released energy from heat.
- Example: Neon light fixture
Phase Transitions
- Process of adding or removing heat, causing molecules to gain or lose energy, changing their movement and bonding.
- Melting: adding heat to a solid, turning it into a liquid.
- Example: Melting iron bars to reform into solid blocks.
- Evaporation: adding heat to a liquid, breaking bonds and turning it into a gas.
- Example: Saltwater evaporates to extract salt.
- Ionization: adding heat to a gas, charging molecules into ions (plasma).
- Example: Neon gas in a glass tube glows due to ionization.
- Recombination (Deionization): removing heat from plasma, ions return to a gas state.
- Example: Neon plasma deionizes back to gas when cooled.
- Condensation: transferring energy in gas to surroundings, forming bonds and coalescing into a liquid.
- Example: Water vapor condenses to form clouds.
- Freezing: transferring heat from liquid to surroundings, forcing molecules to bond into a solid.
- Example: Liquid mercury solidifies when poured with liquid nitrogen.
- Sublimation: adding energy to a solid, transitioning directly to a gas without becoming liquid.
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Description
Explore the different classifications and phases of matter in this quiz. From mixtures and pure substances to the states of solids, liquids, and gases, this quiz will test your understanding of fundamental concepts in chemistry. Dive into categories such as homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures, and learn about elements and compounds.
