Classification: Vertebrates & Invertebrates

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Questions and Answers

What is an invertebrate?

An animal with an exoskeleton
An animal that lays eggs
An animal with no backbone or internal skeleton (correct)
An animal with a backbone

What is the definition of arthropods?

Invertebrates with jointed legs, segmented bodies, some have wings; exoskeletons; gills or air tubes.

Give examples of arthropods.

Insects, arachnids, and crustaceans.

What are mollusks?

Invertebrates with soft bodies; thick muscular foot; some have shells. Signup and view all the answers

Provide examples of mollusks.

Slugs, snails, clams, and octopuses. Signup and view all the answers

What defines sponges?

Very simple invertebrates that have many pores through which water flows. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes echinoderms?

Invertebrates that have arms that extend from the middle body outwards; tube feet. Signup and view all the answers

List examples of echinoderms.

Sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, brittle stars. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of segmented worms?

Invertebrates that have long tube-like bodies that are divided into segments. Signup and view all the answers

Provide examples of segmented worms.

Earthworms, leeches. Signup and view all the answers

Define exoskeleton.

External skeleton covering the outside of an invertebrate's body. Signup and view all the answers

What are the 5 groups of invertebrates?

Sponges, segmented worms, echinoderms, mollusks, arthropods. Signup and view all the answers

List examples of amphibians.

Frogs, toads, salamanders. Signup and view all the answers

What are endothermic vertebrates?

Birds and mammals. Signup and view all the answers

How do endothermic vertebrates cool off?

Sweating, panting, changing position, changing location. Signup and view all the answers

What does shivering do for endothermic animals?

Helps generate heat when cold. Signup and view all the answers

What are ectothermic vertebrates?

Fish, amphibians, reptiles. Signup and view all the answers

How do ectothermic animals warm up?

Snakes or lizards bask in the sun, fish move to a warmer area. Signup and view all the answers

Define autotroph.

Living organisms that make their own food (photosynthesis). Signup and view all the answers

Define heterotroph.

Living organisms that must find an external source for food. Signup and view all the answers

What is a stimulus?

Any change in an organism's surroundings. Signup and view all the answers

What is a response?

A reaction to a stimulus. Signup and view all the answers

What is asexual reproduction?

A reproductive process that involves only one parent. Signup and view all the answers

What is sexual reproduction?

A reproductive process that involves two parents (egg and sperm). Signup and view all the answers

Define growth.

Process when an organism becomes larger (increase in height, mass, overall size). Signup and view all the answers

What is development?

Process when an organism becomes more structurally complex. Signup and view all the answers

Define taxonomy.

The study of how scientists classify organisms. Signup and view all the answers

What are the 5 kingdoms?

Plants, animals, fungi, protists, monerans. Signup and view all the answers

What is phylum in taxonomy?

2nd taxonomy level; divides animals into vertebrates vs. invertebrates. Signup and view all the answers

What is genus?

First word in an organism's scientific name. Signup and view all the answers

What is species?

Most specific level of classification; organisms of the same type that can breed. Signup and view all the answers

Define vertebrate.

Animals that have a backbone, endoskeleton, protective skin covering, nervous system with a brain. Signup and view all the answers

What are the 5 groups of vertebrates?

Fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, birds. Signup and view all the answers

What is an endoskeleton?

An internal skeleton that vertebrates have. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of endothermic?

Body temperature remains constant regardless of the temperature of the environment. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of ectothermic?

Body temperature changes in response to temperature changes in their environment. Signup and view all the answers

Define fish.

Ectothermic vertebrates that breathe with gills and live in water. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of amphibian?

Ectothermic vertebrates that lay jelly-like eggs and breathe with gills when young. Signup and view all the answers

What are birds?

Endothermic vertebrates; lungs; lay eggs; feathers; beak, 2 wings, 2 feet. Signup and view all the answers

Define mammals.

Endothermic vertebrates; lungs; live births; fur or hair. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Invertebrates

Invertebrates lack a backbone and internal skeleton (endoskeleton).
Major groups include sponges, segmented worms, echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods.

Arthropods

Characterized by jointed legs, segmented bodies, and exoskeletons.
May possess wings and utilize gills or air tubes for breathing.
Examples: insects, arachnids, and crustaceans.

Mollusks

Soft-bodied invertebrates with a muscular foot; some have shells.
Examples include slugs, snails, clams, and octopuses.

Sponges

Very simple invertebrates with numerous pores for water circulation.

Echinoderms

Invertebrates with radial symmetry, arms extending from a central body, and tube feet.
Examples: sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, and brittle stars.

Segmented Worms

Invertebrates with elongated, divided bodies; possess a true nervous system and blood within vessels.
Examples include earthworms and leeches.

Exoskeleton

An external skeleton that protects the body of invertebrates.

Vertebrates

Vertebrates have a backbone, an internal skeleton (endoskeleton), and a complex nervous system with a brain.
Five major groups: fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and birds.

Endothermic vs. Ectothermic Vertebrates

Endothermic vertebrates (birds and mammals) maintain constant body temperature; they cool off by sweating or changing positions.
Ectothermic vertebrates (fish, amphibians, reptiles) have variable body temperatures influenced by their environment; they can warm up by basking in the sun or moving to warmer areas.

Reproductive Strategies

Asexual reproduction involves only one parent.
Sexual reproduction requires two parents (egg and sperm).

Taxonomy

The science of classifying organisms includes five kingdoms: plants, animals, fungi, protists, and monerans.
The second level of taxonomy, phylum, differentiates animals into vertebrates and invertebrates.
The genus is the first word in a scientific name, while the species is the most specific classification level.

Growth and Development

Growth refers to an increase in size, while development describes the process of becoming more complex structurally.

Definitions

Autotrophs: Organisms that produce their own food (e.g., through photosynthesis).
Heterotrophs: Organisms that obtain food externally (e.g., through hunting or growing).
Stimulus: Any change in an organism's environment that provokes a reaction.
Response: The reaction an organism has to a stimulus.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the classification of animals, specifically vertebrates and invertebrates. It covers the definitions and examples of key groups like arthropods and mollusks. Test your knowledge on these essential biological concepts.