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Questions and Answers
A volcano is an opening or vent on a planet's crust from which molten rock and ______ may come out.
A volcano is an opening or vent on a planet's crust from which molten rock and ______ may come out.
ash
Volcanoes can be classified based on their frequency of ______.
Volcanoes can be classified based on their frequency of ______.
eruption
The term ______ refers to volcanoes that have not erupted for a long time but may still erupt in the future.
The term ______ refers to volcanoes that have not erupted for a long time but may still erupt in the future.
dormant
Scientists consider a volcano active if it has erupted within the last ______ years.
Scientists consider a volcano active if it has erupted within the last ______ years.
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An example of an inactive volcano is ______, which has not erupted for more than 10,000 years.
An example of an inactive volcano is ______, which has not erupted for more than 10,000 years.
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Volcanoes are also referred to as ______ if they are not likely to erupt again due to a depleted magma supply.
Volcanoes are also referred to as ______ if they are not likely to erupt again due to a depleted magma supply.
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The ______ Volcano in Alaska was considered extinct for 10,000 years before it erupted in 2006.
The ______ Volcano in Alaska was considered extinct for 10,000 years before it erupted in 2006.
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Scientists now prefer using the terms active and inactive as they are more cautious with the term ______.
Scientists now prefer using the terms active and inactive as they are more cautious with the term ______.
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Submarine volcanoes are underwater vents on certain zones of the ocean floor from which ______ can erupt.
Submarine volcanoes are underwater vents on certain zones of the ocean floor from which ______ can erupt.
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An example of a submarine volcano in the Philippines is ______, located near the island of Ibugos.
An example of a submarine volcano in the Philippines is ______, located near the island of Ibugos.
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Subglacial volcanoes are located either underneath a ______ itself or under the water which is inside a glacier.
Subglacial volcanoes are located either underneath a ______ itself or under the water which is inside a glacier.
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When a volcano erupts, there may be lava flows, poisonous gases, and lowering of atmospheric ______.
When a volcano erupts, there may be lava flows, poisonous gases, and lowering of atmospheric ______.
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Lahar is a mudflow that includes all debris along its path, which is usually a ______ valley.
Lahar is a mudflow that includes all debris along its path, which is usually a ______ valley.
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Volcanic ash fall can be abrasive, ______, and odorous.
Volcanic ash fall can be abrasive, ______, and odorous.
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Every eruption brings a fresh supply of nutrients to the soil through breakdown and chemical ______ of rocks.
Every eruption brings a fresh supply of nutrients to the soil through breakdown and chemical ______ of rocks.
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New islands can be formed from explosions of submarine volcanoes in ______ waters.
New islands can be formed from explosions of submarine volcanoes in ______ waters.
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A composite volcano is also known as a ______ volcano.
A composite volcano is also known as a ______ volcano.
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A shield volcano is almost flat and broad like a warrior's ______.
A shield volcano is almost flat and broad like a warrior's ______.
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Cinder cone volcanoes are usually ______ and made up of pyroclasts.
Cinder cone volcanoes are usually ______ and made up of pyroclasts.
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Volcanoes found beneath the ocean are known as ______ volcanoes.
Volcanoes found beneath the ocean are known as ______ volcanoes.
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The main vent of a volcano allows ______ and gases to escape.
The main vent of a volcano allows ______ and gases to escape.
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Mauna Loa and Kilauea are examples of ______ volcanoes.
Mauna Loa and Kilauea are examples of ______ volcanoes.
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The ______ chamber is the underground reservoir of molten rock in a volcano.
The ______ chamber is the underground reservoir of molten rock in a volcano.
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The height of a composite volcano is explained by the accumulation of ______ materials after eruptions.
The height of a composite volcano is explained by the accumulation of ______ materials after eruptions.
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Study Notes
Classification of Volcanoes
- Volcanoes are openings or vents on a planet's surface from which molten rock and ash, (pulverized rock and pumice) emerge.
- Volcanic eruptions can cause earthquakes.
- Volcanoes can be classified based on their eruption frequency.
- Active volcanoes have erupted within the last 10,000 years; approximately 1,500 worldwide.
- Volcanoes are considered inactive (dormant) if they haven't erupted in recorded history; more than 500 active volcanoes.
- Extinct volcanoes are not likely to erupt again because their magma supply is depleted.
Volcanic Features
- Volcanoes may be simple cracks or openings in the ground, where lava and gases are emitted.
- The parts of a volcano include:
- Magma chamber: source of magma
- Main vent: largest conduit for magma
- Secondary vents: smaller conduits for magma
- Crater: opening at the top where lava and ash exit.
- Lava: molten rock
- Layers of lava/ash: materials that have hardened after eruption
- Ash and steam clouds
- Magma
- Other volcanic features include the slope of a volcano which is composed of layers of lava and ash, and a crater at its peak.
Based on Frequency of Eruption
- Volcanoes are classified as active or inactive based on eruption frequency.
- Active: erupted within the last 10,000 years.
- Inactive/Dormant: haven't erupted in recorded history.
- Extinct: not likely to erupt again. Given depleted magma supply.
Based on Location
- Continental volcanoes: located on land.
- Submarine Volcanoes: located under the sea.
- Subglacial volcanoes: located beneath a glacier or under water inside a glacier.
What Happens When Volcanoes Erupt
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Volcanic Eruption Hazards:
- Lava flows: burn and destroy everything in their path.
- Lahar: fast-moving mudflow of pyroclastic material, rock debris, and water.
- Poisonous gases: harmful to human health
- Lowering of atmospheric temperatures.
- Volcanic ash fall: Abrasive, acidic, and odorous; damages electrical and mechanical equipment. Causing lung damage to infants, the elderly and those with respiratory illnesses. Collapse of roofs.
- Earthquakes, flash floods, landslides, acid rain, and fire.
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Benefits from a Volcanic Eruption:
- Fertile Soil: eruption brings fresh supply of nutrients to the soil. This occurs through the chemical decomposition of rocks.
- Landform Formation: new islands can form when underwater volcanoes erupt.
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of volcanoes through this quiz. Learn about the classification of volcanoes based on their activity levels, their components, and the features associated with volcanic eruptions. Test your knowledge of how these natural wonders impact our planet.
