Classification of Matter

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Questions and Answers

What is the classification of matter?

One way chemists classify matter is based on its purity.

What is a pure substance?

Matter that has only 1 set of chemical and physical properties.

Give an example of a pure substance.

Pure water has the exact same chemical and physical properties under the same conditions.

What are pure substances divided into?

Compounds and elements. Signup and view all the answers

What is a compound?

Two or more elements chemically bonded together. Signup and view all the answers

Provide examples of compounds.

Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Water (H2O), Salt (NaCl), Sucrose (C12H22O11). Signup and view all the answers

Compounds only have one set of properties.

True Signup and view all the answers

Compounds can be separated by physical processes.

False Signup and view all the answers

How can compounds be separated?

A chemical reaction. Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of compounds being separated.

Water can be separated into Hydrogen and Oxygen by a process called Electrolysis. Signup and view all the answers

What are elements?

Substances made up of only one type of atom. Signup and view all the answers

Provide examples of elements.

Carbon, Helium, Gold. Signup and view all the answers

What is a mixture?

Two or more pure substances mixed together. Signup and view all the answers

Mixtures can always be separated by physical means.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

Uneven distribution of substances. Signup and view all the answers

Provide examples of heterogeneous mixtures.

Sand, Granite, Wood, Chex Mix, Chocolate chip ice cream, Milk, Blood. Signup and view all the answers

What is a homogeneous mixture?

Components are evenly mixed and cannot be seen. Signup and view all the answers

Provide an example of a homogeneous mixture.

Salt water. Signup and view all the answers

What are solutions?

Homogeneous mixtures that do not scatter light. Signup and view all the answers

Provide examples of solutions.

Sugar Water, Salt Water. Signup and view all the answers

What are colloids?

Substances trapped inside another substance that can scatter light. Signup and view all the answers

Provide an example of a colloid.

Air trapped inside the fat molecules in whipped cream. Signup and view all the answers

What is a suspension?

Particles larger than those found in solutions that settle out upon standing. Signup and view all the answers

Provide examples of suspensions.

Oil and water, water and sand. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Matter is classified based on purity into pure substances and mixtures.

Pure Substance

Defined as matter with a single set of chemical and physical properties.
Example: Pure water maintains identical properties under consistent conditions.
Divided into compounds and elements.

Compounds

Formed by two or more elements that are chemically bonded.
Have one unique set of properties and cannot be separated by physical processes; separation requires a chemical reaction.
Example of separation: Water can be split into hydrogen and oxygen via electrolysis.
Pure substance examples include carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), salt (NaCl), and sucrose (C12H22O11).

Elements

Consist of a single type of atom.
Cannot be separated by physical or chemical methods.
Examples include carbon, helium, and gold.

Mixture

Comprises two or more pure substances mixed together while retaining their individual properties.
Mixtures can be separated by physical means.
Example of a physical separation method: Using magnets to separate iron from a sand-salt mixture.
Mixtures vary in purity.

Heterogeneous Mixture

Characterized by an uneven distribution of components.
Considered very impure.
Examples include sand, granite, wood, Chex Mix, chocolate chip ice cream, milk, and blood.

Homogeneous Mixture

Features an even distribution of components, appearing uniform.
Parts are not visible to the naked eye.
Examples: Salt water is mixed at the atomic level and can be separated by physical means.

Solutions

A type of homogeneous mixture that does not scatter light.
Created when substances are fully dissolved in pure water.
Easily separated by distillation or evaporation.
Examples include sugar water and salt water.

Colloids

A class of solutions, described as substances trapped within another substance.
Identified by the Tyndall effect, which is the scattering of light.
Example: Air trapped in fat molecules within whipped cream; also found in milk.
Other examples include fog, smoke, glue, gelatin, and mayonnaise.

Suspension

Contains larger particles compared to solutions.
Components can be evenly mixed mechanically but will settle over time.
Examples: Oil and water, water and sand.

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Description

Explore the essential concepts of matter classification in chemistry with this set of flashcards. Learn about pure substances and their properties through concise definitions and examples. Ideal for students looking to solidify their understanding of matter in a straightforward format.

Classification of Matter - Chemistry Flashcards