Classification of Matter
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of matter?

  • Anything that occupies space and has no mass.
  • Anything that has mass and occupies space. (correct)
  • Anything that has volume, mass, and weight.
  • Anything that has volume but no mass.

    • What are elements?

  • Substances that are chemically combined in fixed proportions.
  • Substances that are composed of two or more elements.
  • Substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. (correct)
  • Substances that can be broken down into simpler substances.

    • What is a heterogeneous mixture?

  • A mixture that is composed of two or more elements.
  • A mixture that has a fixed composition and distinct properties.
  • A mixture where the different components can be visibly distinguished. (correct)
  • A mixture where the different components cannot be visibly distinguished.

    • What is the Particle Theory of Matter?

    <p>All matter is made up of tiny particles that have empty spaces between them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a qualitative physical property?

    <p>A property that can be observed and described without measurement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of viscosity?

    <p>The resistance of a liquid to flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the melting point of a substance?

    <p>The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is lustre?

    <p>The shininess or dullness of a substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a compound?

    <p>A substance that is composed of two or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the particles of a substance as its temperature increases?

    <p>They move faster.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Matter and Its Classification

    • Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space
    • Classification of matter:
      • Pure Substance: matter with a fixed composition and distinct properties
      • Elements: substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
      • Compounds: substances composed of two or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportions
      • Mixtures: physical combinations of two or more substances

    Types of Mixtures

    • Mechanical Mixture: mixture where different components can be seen as separate
    • Solution: homogeneous mixture where components are evenly distributed
    • Homogeneous Mixture: ingredients cannot be visibly distinguished
    • Heterogeneous Mixture: ingredients can be visibly distinguished

    Particle Theory of Matter

    • All matter is made up of tiny particles with empty spaces between them
    • Different substances are made up of different kinds of particles
    • Particles are in constant motion
    • Particle motion increases with increasing temperature
    • Particles attract each other

    Physical Properties

    Qualitative Physical Properties

    • Color: the hue or shade of the substance
    • Odor: the smell of the substance
    • State: the physical state of the substance at room temperature
    • Texture: how the substance feels to the touch
    • Lustre: the shininess or dullness of the substance
    • Malleability: the ability of a substance to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets

    Quantitative Physical Properties

    • Viscosity: the resistance of a liquid to flow
    • Melting Point: the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid
    • Boiling Point: the temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas
    • Density: the mass of a substance per unit volume (Density = Mass / Volume)
    • Conductivity: the ability of a substance to conduct electricity or heat

    Density Formula and Meaning

    • Density is defined as mass per unit volume
    • Formula: Density = Mass / Volume

    States of Matter

    • Solid: definite shape and volume
    • Liquid: definite volume, shape of container
    • Gas: neither definite shape nor volume

    Chemical Properties

    • Reactivity with Water/Oxygen/Acids: how a substance reacts chemically with these substances
    • Combustibility: the ability of a substance to burn in the presence of oxygen
    • Stability and Toxicity: how stable a substance is under various conditions and its potential harm to living organisms

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    Description

    This quiz covers the basics of matter, including pure substances, elements, compounds, and mixtures.

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