10 Questions
What is the definition of matter?
Anything that has mass and occupies space.
What are elements?
Substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
A mixture where the different components can be visibly distinguished.
What is the Particle Theory of Matter?
All matter is made up of tiny particles that have empty spaces between them.
What is a qualitative physical property?
A property that can be observed and described without measurement.
What is the definition of viscosity?
The resistance of a liquid to flow.
What is the melting point of a substance?
The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid.
What is lustre?
The shininess or dullness of a substance.
What is the definition of a compound?
A substance that is composed of two or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportions.
What happens to the particles of a substance as its temperature increases?
They move faster.
Study Notes
Matter and Its Classification
- Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space
- Classification of matter:
- Pure Substance: matter with a fixed composition and distinct properties
- Elements: substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
- Compounds: substances composed of two or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportions
- Mixtures: physical combinations of two or more substances
Types of Mixtures
- Mechanical Mixture: mixture where different components can be seen as separate
- Solution: homogeneous mixture where components are evenly distributed
- Homogeneous Mixture: ingredients cannot be visibly distinguished
- Heterogeneous Mixture: ingredients can be visibly distinguished
Particle Theory of Matter
- All matter is made up of tiny particles with empty spaces between them
- Different substances are made up of different kinds of particles
- Particles are in constant motion
- Particle motion increases with increasing temperature
- Particles attract each other
Physical Properties
Qualitative Physical Properties
- Color: the hue or shade of the substance
- Odor: the smell of the substance
- State: the physical state of the substance at room temperature
- Texture: how the substance feels to the touch
- Lustre: the shininess or dullness of the substance
- Malleability: the ability of a substance to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets
Quantitative Physical Properties
- Viscosity: the resistance of a liquid to flow
- Melting Point: the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid
- Boiling Point: the temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas
- Density: the mass of a substance per unit volume (Density = Mass / Volume)
- Conductivity: the ability of a substance to conduct electricity or heat
Density Formula and Meaning
- Density is defined as mass per unit volume
- Formula: Density = Mass / Volume
States of Matter
- Solid: definite shape and volume
- Liquid: definite volume, shape of container
- Gas: neither definite shape nor volume
Chemical Properties
- Reactivity with Water/Oxygen/Acids: how a substance reacts chemically with these substances
- Combustibility: the ability of a substance to burn in the presence of oxygen
- Stability and Toxicity: how stable a substance is under various conditions and its potential harm to living organisms
This quiz covers the basics of matter, including pure substances, elements, compounds, and mixtures.
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