Classification of Hormones Lecture 11

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What is the primary function of a trophic hormone?

To regulate blood sugar levels
To increase the concentration of a substance in the blood
To stimulate the hypothalamus
To regulate hormone secretion by another endocrine gland (correct)

Which type of feedback system is more common in the body?

Positive feedback system
Closed-loop feedback system
Homeostatic feedback system
Negative feedback system (correct)

What happens to the endocrine gland in a negative feedback system?

It remains unaffected by changes in the concentration of the substance it regulates
It decreases its activity in response to increased concentration of the substance it regulates (correct)
It increases its activity in response to increased concentration of the substance it regulates
It becomes dormant

What is an example of a positive feedback system?

Blood clotting (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of primary endocrine disease?

Excessive production of pituitary hormones (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of damage to the hypothalamus?

Deficiency of target gland hormones (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of protein hormones that prevents them from crossing the plasma membrane?

They are hydrophilic and lipophilic (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of lipophilic hormones?

Soluble in lipids, insoluble in water (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is derived from tryptophan?

Melatonin (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of second messengers in hormone action?

To carry the message from the plasma membrane to the interior of the cell (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common characteristic of hormones that bind to intracellular receptors?

They are all fat-soluble (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is an example of a glycoprotein hormone?

FSH (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of hormones based on their receptor location?

Into two groups: nuclear and cytoplasmic receptors (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is an example of a lipophilic hormone?

Thyroid hormone (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between hormones that bind to membrane receptors and those that bind to intracellular receptors?

Their mechanism of action (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of hormone binding to its receptor?

Conformational change in the receptor (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is not an example of a steroid hormone?

Thyroid hormones (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of hydrophilic hormones?

Soluble in water, insoluble in lipids (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary location of nuclear receptors in a cell?

Nucleus and associated with one or more chromosomes (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a membrane receptor?

G-protein coupled receptor (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis in the endocrine system?

To produce tropic hormones that stimulate target glands (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which the hypothalamic-pituitary axis operates?

Through short and long negative feedback loops (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the exception to the mechanism of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis?

Prolactin (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the mechanism of the endocrine axis?

The production of releasing hormones by the hypothalamus (C) Signup and view all the answers