Classification of Diseases

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Questions and Answers

According to Sushruta, what are the elements that define 'Health'?

The elements are a balanced dosha, agni, dhatu, and proper excretory function.

What are the two main classifications of diseases based on the abode?

The two classifications are somatic (sharirika) and psychological (manasika).

Name the classifications of diseases based on their origin of pathogenesis.

The classifications are from the upper gastrointestinal tract and lower gastrointestinal tract.

What is the difference between curable and incurable diseases in Ayurvedic classification?

Curable diseases (sadhya) can be treated successfully, while incurable diseases (asadhya) cannot. Signup and view all the answers

Define endogenous diseases and provide an example.

Endogenous diseases (nija vyadhi) are caused by intrinsic factors, like vitiated dosha; an example is allergies. Signup and view all the answers

What are exogenous diseases, and what factors contribute to them?

Exogenous diseases (agantu vyadhi) arise from external factors such as trauma, infections, or poisoning. Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between shakhagata and koshthagata diseases.

Shakhagata diseases occur in tissues, while koshthagata diseases originate from the gastrointestinal tract. Signup and view all the answers

What are mental disorders classified as in Ayurveda?

Mental disorders are classified as manasa vyadhi. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of all diseases according to the text?

The primary cause of all diseases is the vitiation of Tridosas. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the role of srotas in the manifestation of disease.

Srotas are channels in the body where, if aggravated dosha become obstructed due to abnormalities, disease is produced. Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between traumatic diseases and seasonal diseases.

Traumatic diseases are caused by external injuries, while seasonal diseases arise from environmental factors such as heat and cold. Signup and view all the answers

What are two types of super-natural origin diseases mentioned?

The two types are vidyudaśanikr̥ta (caused by lightning) and piśācādikr̥ta (caused by evil spirits). Signup and view all the answers

Explain the difference between Kālajā and Akālajā physiological diseases.

Kālajā diseases occur as a natural phenomenon despite proper care, while Akālajā diseases happen prematurely. Signup and view all the answers

Summarize the key point about the relationship between dosha, dhatu, and mala in disease.

Disease cannot originate without the association of dosha, dhatu, and mala, with dosha being the predominant factor. Signup and view all the answers

What are the implications of constant studies and discussions in the medical field according to the text?

Constant studies and discussions enhance the intelligence and capability of students or doctors in the medical field. Signup and view all the answers

How can the classification of diseases be concisely understood?

The seven-fold classification can be simplified into a three-fold classification for a broader understanding. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four types of diseases classified by Susruta?

Āgantuka (Traumatic), Śārīra (Somatic), Mānasa (Psychological), and Svābhāvika (Natural). Signup and view all the answers

How does Susruta classify diseases based on treatment intervention?

Diseases are classified into two types: curable by surgical interventions (śastrasādhya) and curable by medicines and purification procedures (snēhādi kriya sādhya). Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of human suffering as per Susruta's three-fold classification?

Psychosomatic diseases (ādhyātmikam), Traumatic diseases (ādhibhautikam), and Natural diseases (ādhidaivikam). Signup and view all the answers

List the seven-fold classification of diseases by Susruta.

Hereditary, Congenital, Humoral, Traumatic, Seasonal, Super-natural origin, and Physiological diseases. Signup and view all the answers

What causes hereditary diseases according to Susruta?

Hereditary diseases are caused by defects in sperm and ovum, stemming from maternal or paternal origins. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of congenital diseases mentioned by Susruta?

Rasakr̥ta (due to careless dietary habits) and Dauhr̥dāpacārakr̥ta (due to non-fulfilment of mother’s cravings). Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of humoral diseases according to Susruta?

Humoral diseases are caused by the vitiation of Doshas, primarily from improper diet and daily regimens. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of humoral diseases based on their origin?

Āmāśayasamuttha (originated from the stomach) and Pakvāśayasamuttha (originated from the latter part of the gut). Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Classification of Diseases in Ayurveda

Definition of disease: Association of suffering in a human being.
Two-fold Classification:
- Somatic (sharirika)
- Psychological (manasika)
Classification by Origin:
- Upper gastrointestinal tract (amashaya samutha)
- Lower gastrointestinal tract (pakwashaya samutha)
Classification by Prognosis:
- Curable (sadhya)
- Incurable (Asadhya)

Three-fold Classifications

By Nature of Cause:
- Endogenous (nija vyadhi): Intrinsic factors like dosha vitiation.
- Exogenous (agantu vyadhi): External factors like trauma or infection.
- Mental disorders (manasa vyadhi)
By Site of Origin:
- Shakhagata (bahya roga marga): Occurs in tissues like blood, muscle, fat, bones, marrow, and skin.
- Koshthagata (abhyatara roga marga): Originates from the gastrointestinal tract.
- Marma-asthi-sandhigata (madhyama rogamarga): Involves vital organs, bones, and joints.

Four-fold Classification

Types of Diseases:
- Āgantuka: Traumatic diseases.
- Śārīra: Somatic diseases.
- Mānasa: Psychological diseases.
- Svābhāvika: Natural diseases.

Seven-fold Classification by Susruta

Categories of Diseases:
- Hereditary (ādibalapravr̥tta)
- Congenital (janmabalapravr̥tta)
- Humoral (dōṣabalapravr̥tta)
- Traumatic (saṅghātabalapravr̥tta)
- Seasonal (kālabalapravr̥tta)
- Supernatural (daivabalapravr̥tta)
- Physiological (svabhāvabalapravr̥tta)

Details on Specific Disease Types

Hereditary Diseases:
- Arise from defects in sperm or ovum.
- Examples: Skin diseases, hemorrhoids.
Congenital Diseases:
- Result from improper prenatal care.
- Types include:
  - Rasakr̥ta: Due to poor maternal diet.
  - Dauhr̥dāpacārakr̥ta: Due to unmet cravings.
Humoral Diseases:
- Caused by dosha vitiation; association with diet and regimens.
- Further classified based on digestive origin:
  - Āmāśayasamuttha: From stomach.
  - Pakvāśayasamuttha: From lower gut.
Traumatic Diseases:
- Result from physical injuries; includes:
  - Caused by sharp instruments (śastrakr̥tā).
  - Caused by animals (vyālakr̥tā).
Seasonal Diseases:
- Caused by environmental factors (cold, heat, wind).
- Classified into:
  - Vyāpanna rtukr̥ta: Abnormal seasonal variations.
  - Avyāpannartukr̥ta: Normal seasonal changes.
Diseases of Super-natural Origin:
- Result from infections or negative spiritual influences.
- Types include:
  - Caused by lightning (vidyudaśanikr̥ta).
  - Caused by evil spirits (piśācādikr̥ta).
Physiological Diseases:
- Natural processes like hunger, aging, and sleep.
- Types include:
  - Kālajā: Normal aging.
  - Akālajā: Premature changes.

Summary Points

Various classifications exist for diseases; Susruta's seven-fold classification is comprehensive.
Diseases stem from dosha-dhatu-mala associations, emphasizing the role of dosha in disease manifestation.
Disease production requires imbalance due to multiple precipitating factors.
Continuous study, discussion, and engagement with allied sciences enhance understanding and treatment capabilities.

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Description

Explore the classification of diseases based on traditional Indian medicine principles. This quiz will delve into the Susruta definition of health and its fundamental elements. Enhance your understanding of medicinal classifications in the context of indigenous medicine from the University of Colombo.