Classification of Cast Irons

<p>CGI is slightly less expensive than nodular iron. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Graphite formation and composition properties. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flake graphite leading to good machinability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White iron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heat treatment process converting cementite to graphite (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nodular iron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High temperatures during operation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pressure vessels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White iron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Improved ductility and toughness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To determine the exact composition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spectroscopy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It predicts and controls mechanical and physical properties (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Steel grades based on similar compositions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pharmaceuticals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increases ductility and weldability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Manganese (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Silicon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phosphorus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent excessive brittleness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phosphorus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They create specific properties based on application (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Improves hardenability and strength (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A cast iron with a unique graphite structure, similar to nodular iron but often more abrasion resistant and less expensive.

The shape and arrangement of graphite particles in a metal, impacting its properties.

A type of cast iron with a spherical graphite structure, often used in wear-resistant components.

Different standards for identifying the type, composition, and properties of cast iron.

CGI is frequently used in applications facing heavy wear or abrasion.

Gray iron is a cast iron characterized by flake graphite, leading to good machinability but lower strength.

White iron has high carbon content as cementite, making it very hard and brittle.

Malleable iron is white iron that's heat-treated to change cementite to graphite, improving ductility.

Nodular iron has spheroidal rather than flaky graphite, enhancing strength and ductility.

Alloy cast irons contain added alloying elements for tailored properties like strength, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance.

Carbon content greatly influences the microstructure and properties of cast iron.

High-strength low-alloy (HSLA) cast irons are alloy cast irons with enhanced strength.

These cast irons can sustain high operating temperatures due to specific alloying

Using techniques like spectroscopy to determine the exact composition of low carbon steel samples.

Modern methods used for quick and accurate measurement of alloy elements in steel.

Knowing the precise composition of steel is crucial for ensuring required properties, predicting behavior, and troubleshooting issues.

Different steel grades are defined by their composition ranges, guided by designations like AISI and SAE.

Widely used in industries such as automotive, construction, and manufacturing due to its versatile properties.

Standardized systems used to identify different types of low carbon steel based on their chemical composition, often involving letters and numbers.

Common international standards for designating low carbon steels, representing the steel's composition and properties.

A key element in low carbon steel that impacts strength, formability, and weldability. Higher carbon means more strength, but less ductility and weldability.

Improves the steel's hardenability and strength, contributing to its strength-ductility balance.

Increases steel strength but too much can make it brittle. Also affects oxidation resistance and sometimes machinability.

Works as a deoxidizer, but too much can decrease ductility and toughness. It's often kept below specific limits in high-quality steels.

Can harm the steel's ductility and weldability. It's often controlled to prevent negative effects, especially in high-strength steels.

Specific ranges of elements in a particular steel depend on its intended use and performance requirements. These ranges are defined in steel specifications based on the standard and application.