Classification of Animals: Kingdom Animalia

Classification of Animals

• Kingdom Animalia: Multicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms
• Characteristics:
  • Move voluntarily
  • Respond to stimuli
  • Obtain energy by consuming other organisms or organic matter

Types of Animals

• Invertebrates (without backbone): 95% of animal species
  • Examples: insects, arachnids, crustaceans, mollusks, echinoderms
• Vertebrates (with backbone): 5% of animal species
  • Examples: fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals

Body Structure

• Body Symmetry:
  • Radial symmetry (e.g., starfish)
  • Bilateral symmetry (e.g., humans)
• Body Cavities:
  • Coelom (e.g., humans)
  • Pseudocoelom (e.g., nematodes)
  • Acoelom (e.g., flatworms)

Animal Characteristics

• Sensory Organs: eyes, ears, nose, tongue, skin
• Locomotion: walking, running, flying, swimming, crawling
• Feeding Habits:
  • Herbivores (plant-eaters)
  • Carnivores (meat-eaters)
  • Omnivores (both plant- and meat-eaters)
  • Detritivores (decompose organic matter)

Animal Behavior

• Instinct: innate behavior
• Learning: acquired behavior through experience
• Social Behavior:
  • Solitary animals
  • Social animals (e.g., packs, herds, colonies)

Classification of Animals

• Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic, and heterotrophic organisms.
• They move voluntarily, respond to stimuli, and obtain energy by consuming other organisms or organic matter.

Characteristics of Animals

• Animals have the ability to move voluntarily.
• They respond to stimuli, which means they react to changes in their environment.
• They obtain energy by consuming other organisms or organic matter.

Types of Animals

• Invertebrates make up 95% of animal species and do not have a backbone.
• Examples of invertebrates include insects, arachnids, crustaceans, mollusks, and echinoderms.
• Vertebrates make up 5% of animal species and have a backbone.
• Examples of vertebrates include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

Body Structure

• Radial symmetry is a type of body symmetry where body parts are arranged around a central axis, like a starfish.
• Bilateral symmetry is a type of body symmetry where body parts are arranged on both sides of a central axis, like humans.
• A coelom is a body cavity found in humans and some other animals.
• A pseudocoelom is a body cavity found in nematodes and some other animals.
• Acoelom is a body cavity found in flatworms and some other animals.

Sensory Organs and Locomotion

• Sensory organs include eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin.
• Locomotion refers to the ability to move and can be achieved through walking, running, flying, swimming, or crawling.

Feeding Habits

• Herbivores are animals that eat plants.
• Carnivores are animals that eat meat.
• Omnivores are animals that eat both plants and meat.
• Detritivores are animals that decompose organic matter.

Animal Behavior

• Instinct refers to innate behavior that is present from birth.
• Learning refers to acquired behavior through experience.
• Social behavior can be solitary or social, and social animals can live in packs, herds, colonies, or other groups.