18 Questions
What is the main function of proteins in living beings?
Building blocks of bones, muscles, cartilage, and skin
Which type of amino acids cannot be produced by the human body and must be included in the diet?
Essential amino acids
Which type of peptide contains many amino acid residues?
Polypeptide
Which of the following is NOT a function of amino acids in the organism?
Breaking down lipids
How are peptides and proteins connected?
Amide bonds
How many amino acids make up the proteins found in the human body?
Just 20 amino acids
Which amino acid contains a thiol group that can form disulfide bonds?
Cysteine
How are amino acids classified based on their polarity?
Based on whether they are non-polar, polar with positive charge, or polar with negative charge
What type of bonds hold amino acid residues together in a peptide or a protein?
Covalent bonds
Which organ system is responsible for largely completing protein digestion at a slightly alkaline pH?
Small intestine
What is the primary role of pancreatic proteases like trypsin and chymotrypsin during protein digestion?
Divide proteins into short peptides
Which type of bonds are formed when thiols are oxidized under mild conditions?
Disulfide bonds
What is the primary purpose of heating medical supplies and instruments?
To sterilize by denaturing proteins in bacteria
How does the body primarily dispose of surplus nitrogen after protein metabolism?
Excreting it mostly as urea
What molecules are amino acids precursors for, among the following?
Nucleic acids
What happens if there are deficiencies in amino acids in the diet?
The body breaks down muscle proteins to obtain them
Which process results in amino acids being absorbed from the intestine to the blood stream?
Dipeptidases finishing off protein fragments
What is the major end product of nitrogen metabolism in humans and mammals?
Urea
Explore the different ways amino acids are classified, such as based on polarity, structure, nutritional requirement, and metabolic fate. Learn about the four groups of amino acids based on polarity and how they are categorized according to the nature of their side chains.
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