Classical Mythology Midterm Study Guide

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the overarching theme of succession stories in Greek mythology, particularly within works like Theogony?

The unwavering loyalty and support that each generation of gods provides to its predecessors.
The cyclical overthrow and replacement of ruling gods, often involving conflict and betrayal. (correct)
The harmonious collaboration between generations of gods to maintain cosmic balance.
The gradual decline in power and influence of successive generations of gods.

In Ovid's Metamorphoses, how does the portrayal of Zeus/Jupiter differ from, or align with, depictions found in earlier works such as Theogony or the Iliad?

Ovid presents Zeus/Jupiter as more prone to impulsive desires and deceptive schemes compared to the more measured depictions in earlier works. (correct)
Ovid portrays Zeus as a consistently benevolent and just ruler, a departure from the often capricious character seen in earlier narratives.
Ovid's Zeus is depicted as a tragic figure, burdened by the weight of his responsibilities, unlike the triumphant figure in earlier epics.
Ovid emphasizes Zeus's wisdom and diplomatic skills, whereas earlier works highlight his physical strength.

How does Hera/Juno's character in Ovid's Metamorphoses compare to her depiction in the Iliad?

Hera is depicted as more forgiving and understanding of Zeus's infidelities in Ovid's work compared to her vengeful portrayal in the _Iliad_.
Hera's jealousy and vengefulness are amplified in both works, but Ovid delves deeper into the psychological motivations behind her actions. (correct)
Hera maintains a consistent portrayal across both works, primarily as a symbol of marital fidelity and domestic harmony.
Hera is more proactive in assisting mortal heroes in Ovid's work, contrasting with her interference against them in the _Iliad_.

What is a key difference in the narrative focus between Ovid's account of Persephone's abduction and the Homeric Hymn to Demeter?

The Homeric Hymn emphasizes the establishment of the Eleusinian Mysteries, whereas Ovid's account focuses on the raw emotional responses of Demeter and Persephone. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do mythological stories generally portray the relationship between gods and mortals?

As fraught with potential for conflict, often dictated by the gods' capricious nature and mortals' vulnerability. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does Aphrodite's depiction in the Iliad and associated hymns reveal about the interplay between her power and vulnerability?

Aphrodite is portrayed as powerful in inspiring love in others, but also susceptible to manipulation and even physical harm, highlighting her vulnerability. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of Athena as a virgin goddess contribute to her overall characterization?

Her virginity underscores her independence, focus on strategic wisdom, and dedication to civic duty, rather than domestic concerns. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does the depiction of the underworld in Ovid's Orpheus, Virgil's Aeneid, and Homer's Odyssey reflect the cultural values and beliefs of their respective societies?

Each author constructs an underworld that mirrors their society's values, with Ovid focusing on emotional torment, Virgil on moral judgment, and Homer on heroic legacy. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the central power dynamic between Zeus and his siblings as depicted in Greek mythology?

Zeus's power is often challenged by his siblings, leading to conflict and alliances that shift the balance of power within the Olympian pantheon. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do the specific rites associated with Demeter reflect the underlying myths about her?

The rites emphasize themes of agriculture, fertility, and the cycle of life, mirroring Demeter's role as a goddess of grain and the earth's bounty, as well as Persephone's abduction and return. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Succession Stories

Stories detailing how gods came to power, often involving conflict and overthrow.

Zeus/Jupiter Characteristics

Zeus is portrayed as a powerful, authoritative figure, prone to infidelity.

Hera/Juno Characteristics

Hera is shown as jealous and vengeful due to Zeus's infidelities, embodying marital discord.

Persephone Abduction Comparison

In Ovid, Persephone's abduction is a violent act, while the Homeric Hymn emphasizes Demeter's grief and power.