Questions and Answers
What are the characteristics of Symphony No. 41 in C major? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following concepts were associated with the Enlightenment and music? (Select all that apply)
Where was the first concert hall located?
Oxford, England
What happens to rhythm in the Viennese classical era?
Signup and view all the answers
Haydn's dates are _____ to _____
Signup and view all the answers
What was the birthplace of Haydn?
Signup and view all the answers
At what age did Haydn go to school at St. Stephen's Cathedral?
Signup and view all the answers
What was Haydn's first composition?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterizes Haydn's output before 1790? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
Haydn was fully aware of his growing reputation during the 1780s.
Signup and view all the answers
What was the name of the family that supported Haydn?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the names of three of the London Symphonies? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
When did Haydn make his last public appearance?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Symphony No. 41 in C Major
- Represents Viennese classical ideals from 1770.
- Key characteristics include balance, variety, structural integrity, imagination, wit, and rich sonority.
The Enlightenment and Music
- Emphasized humanism, pursuit of happiness, and cosmopolitanism.
- Fostered musical consumerism and music as a form of entertainment.
The First Concert Hall
- Established in Oxford, England in 1748.
- Public support for composers increased, shifting reliance from patrons.
- Instrumental music became predominant, marking the concert hall as a key venue for musical life.
Rhythm
- Dynamic and frequently changing, avoiding monotony.
- Features a two-part theme nature with contrasting measures and rhythms.
Dynamics
- Highly variable with notable contrasts compared to Baroque styles.
- Use of terraced dynamics along with gradual changes, including crescendos and decrescendos.
Tone Color
- Significant expansion of orchestras, with instruments taking on distinct character roles.
- Increase in brass instruments; percussion instrumentation remained similar to the Baroque period.
- Harpsichord replaced by fortepiano which offered a brighter sound; continuo gradually fell out of use.
Melody
- Melodies were catchy and memorable, yet complex to transcribe.
- Vienna's style is characterized by its radiance and appeal.
Form
- Utilizes repetition, cadence, and transitional passages to create thematic links.
Franz Joseph Haydn
- Lived from 1732 to 1809, pivotal figure in classical music.
Rohrau, Austria
- Birthplace of Haydn, significant for his musical development.
St. Stephen's Cathedral
- Venue where Haydn began his music education at the age of six.
Miss Rorate Coeli Desuper
- Haydn's first composition, created in 1748.
String Quartet Series
- Haydn initiated his series of string quartets between 1750 and 1757.
String Quartet No. 1
- Composed in 1757 for Baron von Furnberg; Haydn played the viola, enhancing his string writing skills.
Marriage
- Haydn had an unhappy marriage, with his wife dying in 1800; he had numerous affairs throughout his life.
Haydn's Symphony No. 1
- Initially served Count von Morzin; likely composed in 1757.
Eszterházy Appointment
- Supported by the Esterházy family, with the palaces named Eszterháza being key to Haydn's career.
Haydn's Output Before 1790
- Composed 90 symphonies, 14 operas, 7 masses, and over 50 string quartets, piano sonatas, and trios, along with numerous divertimentos and chamber works.
Haydn's Operas
- Recognized as one of the best composers, overshadowed by Mozart; works like "Non partir, ma bella face" and "Orlando Paladino" remain lesser-known.
International Fame
- Haydn was largely unaware of his rising fame until the 1780s, leading to significant commissions and invitations to England.
1790: The End of an Era
- Marked by the death of Nikolaus Esterházy and the rise of Paul Esterházy; allowed Haydn more freedom and continued financial support.
Johann Peter Salomon
- Key figure in bringing Haydn to London (1792-93) where he composed multiple symphonies.
The London Symphonies
- Known as Salomon symphonies; includes notable pieces:
- Symphony 94: "Surprise"
- Symphony 96: "Miracle"
- Symphony 100: "Military"
- Symphony 101: "Clock"
- Symphony 103: "Drumroll"
- Symphony 104: "London"
1796 - Back Home, Haydn
- Focused on late works: Masses, oratorios "The Creation" and "The Seasons," and late string quartets.
Haydn's Last Years
- Experienced increased physical fragility but maintained mental sharpness, continuing to compose until late 1805.
Haydn's Last Public Appearance
- Celebrated his 75th birthday on March 27, 1808, in a performance of "The Creation," attended by notable figures including the Esterházy family, royal family, and prominent musicians from Vienna.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the key elements of Symphony No. 41 in C Major and its connection to the Enlightenment era. This quiz covers significant themes such as the evolution of the concert hall, rhythm, dynamics, and tone color in classical music. Test your knowledge of how these factors shaped musical life in the 18th century.
