Classical Definitions of War

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According to Cicero, war is defined as

A contention by force

According to Thomas Hobbes, war can exist even when

There is no fighting

According to Carl von Clausewitz, war is the continuation of

Politics by other means

According to Sun Tzu, the ideal way to win a war is

<p>Winning a war in as bloodless a way as possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Martin Shaw, war can be defined as

<p>A type of social action to compel an enemy to submit</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a problem with Cicero's definition of war?

<p>It does not take into account non-state types of conflict</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a problem with Clausewitz's definition of war?

<p>It defines war only from the perspective of the battlefield general</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a problem with Shaw's definition of war?

<p>It does not take into account non-state types of conflict</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a problem with Hobbes' definition of war?

<p>It defines war as a state of affairs that may exist even without fighting</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a problem with Sun Tzu's definition of war?

<p>It focuses on winning a war in a bloodless way</p> Signup and view all the answers

War is usually defined as a type of social problem because of several factors. Which of the following is NOT one of those factors?

<p>War being more destructive due to new technologies of war</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four broad social conditions that characterize a condition of war, according to the text?

<p>Military activity, high tension level of public opinion, abnormal law, and intense political integration</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the historian Quincy Wright, how does he define war?

<p>A condition of intensification of military activity, psychological tension, legal power, and social integration</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the anthropologist Douglas Fry define war as?

<p>A violent activity carried on by members of one community against members of another community</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of war-related activities?

<p>Information war, hybrid war, and economic and financial pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three successive levels of public hostility mentioned in the text?

<p>Discrimination, threats of violence, and symbolic attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason why war is usually defined as a type of social problem?

<p>Increased education, literacy, and standard of living has increased awareness of the impacts of war</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some social conditions that are present during war?

<p>Military activity, high tension level of public opinion, abnormal law, and intense political integration</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one factor that contributes to war being more destructive?

<p>New technologies of war</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of war-related activities?

<p>Information war, hybrid war, and economic and financial pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Carl von Clausewitz focused on the use of ______ and argued that war necessarily involves violence.

<p>force</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sun Tzu argued that the ideal is to win a war in as bloodless a way as possible, using many different means including ______, social and political means.

<p>economic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Martin Shaw defines war as 'a type of social action that can be defined as an act of ______ by an organized social power to compel an enemy to submit to its will.'

<p>force</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thomas Hobbes defined war as a state of affairs, which may exist even while its ______ are not continued.

<p>operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cicero defined war as a 'contention by ______.'

<p>force</p> Signup and view all the answers

Carl von Clausewitz defined war as the continuation of politics by other ______.

<p>means</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Cicero, war is defined as 'contention by ______.'

<p>force</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Carl von Clausewitz, war is the continuation of ______ by other means.

<p>politics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sun Tzu argued that the ideal way to win a war is to win it in as ______ a way as possible.

<p>bloodless</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thomas Hobbes defined war as a state of affairs, which may exist even while its ______ are not continued.

<p>operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

The examples of the World Wars, with their mega-deaths, are still part of our cultural ______.

<p>memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

We are also conscious of our potential to end all human life with nuclear and ______ weapons.

<p>biological</p> Signup and view all the answers

Modern societies face constant disruption due to rapid social ______.

<p>change</p> Signup and view all the answers

War is more destructive due to new technologies of ______.

<p>war</p> Signup and view all the answers

Increased education, literacy, and standard of living has increased awareness of the impacts of war and public pressure to avoid involvement in ______.

<p>war</p> Signup and view all the answers

Research suggests that there are four broad social conditions that characterize a condition of ______.

<p>war</p> Signup and view all the answers

As war approaches, public opinion about the enemy becomes more hostile and tends to follow a progressive pattern: Successive Levels of Public ______.

<p>Hostility</p> Signup and view all the answers

Contact with enemy groups is suspended, resident aliens are put under surveillance or interned, protestors are arrested, business and treaties are suspended. Categories of Conflict Under ______ Law.

<p>International</p> Signup and view all the answers

Internal conflicts are put aside, censorship comes into effect, regulation of media sources, loyalty to the state becomes more important than loyalty to religion, ethnic group, political party, etc. Intense Political ______.

<p>Integration</p> Signup and view all the answers

The historian Quincy Wright defines war in this way: ”A state of war, then, is a condition of intensification of military activity, psychological tension, legal power, and social ______ that enables a group to carry on armed conflict with one or more hostile groups.”

<p>integration</p> Signup and view all the answers

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