Podcast
Questions and Answers
Classical conditioning involves learning to associate a ________ stimulus with a ________ stimulus.
Classical conditioning involves learning to associate a ________ stimulus with a ________ stimulus.
- neutral; unconditioned
- unconditioned; conditioned
- conditioned; unconditioned (correct)
- unconditioned; neutral
Who discovered classical conditioning while studying dogs' digestive system?
Who discovered classical conditioning while studying dogs' digestive system?
- B.F. Skinner
- Ivan Pavlov (correct)
- John Watson
- Sigmund Freud
What did Pavlov associate with food to cause dogs to salivate?
What did Pavlov associate with food to cause dogs to salivate?
- The sound of a bell (correct)
- The taste of food
- The sight of food
- The smell of food
What is extinction in classical conditioning?
What is extinction in classical conditioning?
What is spontaneous recovery in classical conditioning?
What is spontaneous recovery in classical conditioning?
What is reconditioning in classical conditioning?
What is reconditioning in classical conditioning?
What is stimulus generalisation in classical conditioning?
What is stimulus generalisation in classical conditioning?
What is stimulus discrimination in classical conditioning?
What is stimulus discrimination in classical conditioning?
What does a conditioned stimulus signal in classical conditioning?
What does a conditioned stimulus signal in classical conditioning?
What is the process called when a response can be learned again after extinction in classical conditioning?
What is the process called when a response can be learned again after extinction in classical conditioning?
Which type of conditioning involves learning through the consequences of behavior?
Which type of conditioning involves learning through the consequences of behavior?
What did Edward Thorndike's Law of Effect state?
What did Edward Thorndike's Law of Effect state?
What is the process of rewarding successive approximations to the desired behavior called?
What is the process of rewarding successive approximations to the desired behavior called?
What are reinforcers?
What are reinforcers?
What is punishment used for?
What is punishment used for?
In which areas has operant conditioning been applied?
In which areas has operant conditioning been applied?
What is another term for observational learning?
What is another term for observational learning?
How are classical and operant conditioning different?
How are classical and operant conditioning different?
How do advertisers use conditioning principles?
How do advertisers use conditioning principles?
How do teachers use conditioning principles in the classroom?
How do teachers use conditioning principles in the classroom?
Study Notes
Classical Conditioning
- Involves learning to associate a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus.
- Discovered by Ivan Pavlov while studying dogs' digestive system.
- Pavlov associated the sound of a bell with food to cause dogs to salivate.
- Extinction: the process of eliminating a conditioned response by not presenting the unconditioned stimulus.
- Spontaneous recovery: the reappearance of a conditioned response after a period of extinction.
- Reconditioning: the process of relearning a conditioned response after extinction.
Conditioning Concepts
- Stimulus generalisation: the tendency to respond to similar stimuli as the conditioned stimulus.
- Stimulus discrimination: the ability to distinguish between the conditioned stimulus and other stimuli.
- Conditioned stimulus: a stimulus that signals the onset of an unconditioned stimulus.
Operant Conditioning
- Involves learning through the consequences of behavior.
- Edward Thorndike's Law of Effect states that behaviors that are followed by a satisfying consequence will be strengthened.
- Shaping: the process of rewarding successive approximations to the desired behavior.
- Reinforcers: stimuli that increase the probability of a behavior.
- Punishment: used to decrease the frequency of a behavior.
- Applied in areas such as education, psychotherapy, and training.
Observational Learning
- Also known as social learning.
- Involves learning through observing others.
Conditioning Comparison
- Classical conditioning: involves associating stimuli with responses.
- Operant conditioning: involves learning through consequences of behavior.
Applications of Conditioning
- Advertisers use conditioning principles to associate products with positive emotions.
- Teachers use conditioning principles to encourage desired behaviors in the classroom.
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Description
Test your knowledge of classical conditioning with this quiz! Learn about the process of associating stimuli and the influential work of Ivan Pavlov in understanding this type of learning.
