Class Five: The Sixties Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What was the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution?

1964 Congressional resolution authorising President Johnson to take military action in Vietnam.

What was Operation Rolling Thunder?

A bombing campaign that began in February 1965 and continued for three years.

What significant event happened in 1966 related to U.S. military action in Vietnam?

American B-52s bombed North Vietnam for the first time.

What is a teach-in?

Informal meetings at universities across the U.S. to discuss issues related to the Vietnam War. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Tet Offensive?

A massive attack launched by North Vietnamese forces during the Vietnamese New Year in 1968. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Student Democratic Society (SDS) March on Washington aiming to accomplish?

Raise awareness, change the voting age, and protest the unfair draft system. Signup and view all the answers

What occurred during the My Lai Massacre?

American troops massacred innocent women and children in March 1968. Signup and view all the answers

When was Nixon elected?

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What were the Pentagon Papers?

Secret government documents published in 1971 that revealed the U.S. had misleading information about the Vietnam War. Signup and view all the answers

What was agreed upon in the Vietnam ceasefire of 1973?

The U.S. would remove all troops, and North Vietnam could leave troops in South Vietnam. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Le Duc Tho?

A North Vietnamese political leader who negotiated a ceasefire during the Vietnam War. Signup and view all the answers

When did the last American soldiers leave Vietnam?

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When was JFK elected?

1960, inaugurated in January 1961. Signup and view all the answers

What is the date of the "I have a dream" speech?

August 28, 1963. Signup and view all the answers

What was the message of Malcolm X's speech 'The Ballot or the Bullet'?

It supported violence in self-defense and encouraged blacks to fight against racism. Signup and view all the answers

When was JFK assassinated?

November 22, 1963. Signup and view all the answers

When was Malcolm X assassinated?

February 21, 1965. Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Black Panther Movement?

To fight against white supremacy and advocate for civil rights. Signup and view all the answers

What happened during the anti-war demonstration on the Mall in D.C.?

On October 21, 1967, 50,000 people marched to the Pentagon. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Josephine Baker?

A twentieth-century African-American actress, dancer, singer, and civil rights activist. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Abby Hoffman?

A democrat, yippie, and anti-war activist associated with SDS. Signup and view all the answers

When was MLK assassinated?

April 4, 1968. Signup and view all the answers

When was Robert Kennedy assassinated?

June 6, 1968. Signup and view all the answers

What was significant about the Democratic Convention held in 1968?

It was marked by anti-war protests and turmoil following the assassination of Robert Kennedy. Signup and view all the answers

Who were Jerry Rubin and Abbie Hoffman?

Founders of the Young International Party, or the Yippies. Signup and view all the answers

What happened during the Kent State University Protest?

College students protested Nixon's bombing campaign of Cambodia, and four protesters were killed. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Enacted in 1964, authorized President Johnson to take military action in Vietnam.

Operation Rolling Thunder

A continuous bombing campaign initiated in February 1965.
Targeted Viet Cong-occupied regions and significantly damaged the landscape over three years.

1966

American B-52 bombers conducted their first strikes on North Vietnam.

Teach-in

Informal discussions at universities across the U.S. focused on Vietnam War issues, similar to sit-in protests.

The Tet Offensive

Occurred in 1968 during the Vietnamese New Year (Tet), involving a major assault by North Vietnamese forces.
Resulted in severe casualties but led to increased anti-war sentiment and declining support for President Johnson.

Student Democratic Society (SDS) March on Washington

Held in April 1965, gathered college students aiming to raise awareness about voting age and draft issues.
Marked the first mass demonstration against the Vietnam War.

My Lai Massacre

On March 16, 1968, American troops killed innocent civilians in My Lai, believing they were targeting Viet Cong.
Information about the massacre was concealed for 18 months before being exposed by journalists.

Nixon Elected

Richard Nixon was elected in 1968.

Pentagon Papers

Secret government documents released in 1971, revealing misinformation about the Vietnam War by the U.S. government.
The documents were leaked from the Pentagon and fully declassified only in 2011.

Vietnam Ceasefire

Established in 1973, stipulating U.S. troop withdrawal, North Vietnam's remaining presence in the South, and the return of U.S. POWs.

Le Duc Tho

North Vietnamese political leader who negotiated the ceasefire alongside Henry Kissinger, facilitating U.S. withdrawal from Vietnam.

End of the War

The Vietnam War concluded in 1973 when the last American troops left in 1975, with 60,000 U.S. and about 2 million Vietnamese casualties.

JFK Elected

John F. Kennedy was elected in 1960 and inaugurated in January 1961.

"I Have a Dream" Speech

Delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. on August 28, 1963, advocating for civil rights and equality.

The Ballot or the Bullet

A significant speech by Malcolm X in 1964 advocating for self-defense and calling for African Americans to fight against racism by any means necessary.

JFK Assassination

Assassinated on November 22, 1963, in Dallas, Texas, by Lee Harvey Oswald, who was killed shortly after by Jack Ruby.

Malcolm X Assassinated

Killed on February 21, 1965.

Black Panther Movement

Founded in 1966, this radical civil rights group aimed to combat white supremacy.

Anti-war Demonstration on the Mall (D.C.)

Took place on October 21, 1967, followed by a march of 50,000 people to the Pentagon.

Josephine Baker

African-American actress, dancer, singer, and civil rights activist; the only woman to speak at the Mall.

Abby Hoffman

A leading anti-war activist and Democrat affiliated with the SDS, known for using humor and satire in protests.

MLK Assassination Date

Martin Luther King Jr. assassinated on April 4, 1968, in Memphis.

Robert Kennedy Assassination

Killed on June 6, 1968, in Los Angeles.

Democratic Convention

Held in Chicago in 1968 amid political turmoil after Robert Kennedy's assassination, featuring anti-war protests and unconventional presidential nominations.

Jerry Rubin and Abbie Hoffman

Founders of the Youth International Party (yippies), along with Dennis Dalrymple.

Kent State University Protest

In May 1970, college students protested Nixon's Cambodia bombing campaign, resulting in the deaths of four protesters.

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Description

Test your knowledge about significant events and terminology from the Sixties, focusing on key military actions and legislative resolutions. This quiz covers important topics such as the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution and Operation Rolling Thunder. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of this pivotal era in American history.