Class E Driver Georgia Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is a modulating valve?

Control handle on the dashboard that may be used to apply spring brakes gradually.

What can be used to release the spring brake in some vehicles?

A separate air tank.

You need at least ______ tread in the front tires and ______ tread in other tires.

4/32 inch; 2/32 inch

What steering wheel play degree can make it hard to steer?

<p>10 degrees or two inches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If more than one-fourth of the leaf springs are leaking, what will happen?

<p>It will put the vehicle out of service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What warning devices are required for parked vehicles?

<p>Three reflective warning triangles, or six fuses, or three liquid burning flares.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much should pressure build from 50 psi to in 3 minutes?

<p>90 psi.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered safety equipment in a vehicle?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

Oil pressure should be between ______ psi and ______ psi.

<p>5-20; 35-75</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you test for hydraulic leaks?

<p>Pump the brake pedal three times then apply firm pressure and hold for 5 seconds; the pedal should not move.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When must drivers inspect trucks and cargo?

<p>Within the first 50 miles of a trip and every 150 miles or three hours, whichever comes first.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is road speed measured in?

<p>MPH.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is engine speed measured in?

<p>RPM.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do retarders help with?

<p>They help slow a vehicle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four basic types of retarders?

<p>Exhaust</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should drivers turn off the retarder?

<p>When the drive wheels have poor traction in icy, snowy, or wet conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How far ahead should you look when driving?

<p>About 12-15 seconds at lower speeds, about a block at higher speeds, and about a quarter mile.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should mirror adjustment take place?

<p>Before the start of a trip when the trailers are straight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are curved mirrors called?

<p>Fisheye, spot, bugeye.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do when turning?

<p>Signal early, signal continuously, and make sure to turn off your turn signal after the turn.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you stop on any road, when must you put out your warning devices?

<p>Within ten minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

On a two-way street, warning placement should be at ______ feet ahead and ______ feet back.

<p>100; 10</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a one-way street, warning placement should be ______, ______, and ______ feet back.

<p>10; 100; 200</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is perception distance?

<p>The time from when your eyes see a hazard until your brain reacts to it; average time is 1 3/4 seconds at 55 mph, it's 142 feet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is reaction distance?

<p>The distance continued to travel before you physically hit the brakes; 3/4-1 second. At 55 mph, it's 61 feet average.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is braking distance?

<p>The distance your vehicle will travel while braking; at 55 mph, it can take about 216 feet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is total stopping distance at 55 mph?

<p>Your vehicle will have traveled 419 feet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when you double your speed from 20 to 40 mph?

<p>The impact is four times greater, the braking distance is four times longer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when you triple your speed from 20 to 60 mph?

<p>The impact and braking distance are nine times longer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When you increase speed to 80 mph, what is the impact on braking distance?

<p>The impact and braking distance are 16 times greater than at 20 mph.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should you adjust speed on slippery surfaces?

<p>Reduce speed by 1/3, from about 55 mph to 35 mph on a wet road; if snowy, by half; if icy, then to a crawl.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hydroplaning can occur at speeds as low as what?

<p>30 mph if there is a lot of water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is the braking effect greatest?

<p>When it is near the governed RPMs and the transmission is in lower gears.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the number one cause of injury and death in roadway work zones?

<p>Speeding traffic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many seconds do you need for each 10 feet of vehicle?

<p>1 second per 10 feet unless going faster than 40; then add a second.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are two dangers in traveling next to others?

<p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should you avoid blinding others?

<p>Dim your lights within 500 feet of oncoming or when following another vehicle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should you inspect tires in hot weather?

<p>Every two hours or every 100 miles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a passing crossing?

<p>No traffic control devices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an active crossing?

<p>Has traffic control devices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take a typical tractor trailer to cross a track?

<p>At least 14 seconds and more than 15 for a double track.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must you use as the principal way of controlling your speed?

<p>The braking effect of the engine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do when going down grade?

<p>Shift the transmission to low gear.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is not always the safest thing to do in an emergency?

<p>Stopping.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key action to avoid while turning?

<p>Applying brakes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When avoiding a crash, when should you avoid using your brakes?

<p>Until it is going about 20 mph.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the common reasons for hydraulic brake failure?

<p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the anti-lock braking system (ABS) do?

<p>Helps keep your vehicle under control during hard braking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are ways a skid can be caused?

<p>Over acceleration</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a front wheel skids, how can you stop the skid?

<p>Let the vehicle slow down.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the basic steps to take at an accident scene?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should you distribute cargo in a vehicle?

<p>So it is as low as possible, putting the heaviest parts under the lowest parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must the load limit of the securing article be?

<p>At least one half times the weight of the article.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can too little weight on the driving axles cause?

<p>Poor traction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cargo should have at least how many tie downs?

<p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cut-out and cut-in pressure for the governor of the air suppresses?

<p>125 cut off; 100 cut in.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is set to open if the pressure in the air tanks exceeds 150?

<p>Pressure relief valves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of foundation brake?

<p>S-cam drum brake.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does the low pressure alarm come on?

<p>Below 60 psi or one half the compressed governor cutout pressure on older vehicles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

On large buses, at what pressure does the low pressure alarm typically go off?

<p>80-85 psi.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What pumps air into the storage tanks/reservoirs?

<p>Air compressor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can compressed air contain that is bad for the air brake system?

<p>Water and some compressor oil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if more than one-fourth of the spring leaf is broken?

<p>Deadline the vehicle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When will tractor and straight truck spring brakes come on fully?

<p>When air pressure drops to a range of 20-45 psi (typically 20-30 psi).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do some vehicles such as buses have a separate air tank for?

<p>To release the spring brakes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a dual air brake system utilize?

<p>A single set of brake controls.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you allow time for before driving a vehicle with a dual air system?

<p>For the compressor to build up to a minimum of 100 psi pressure in both primary and secondary systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a slack adjuster moves more than about one inch at the push rod attachment, what does it probably need?

<p>Adjustment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long should the pressure build from 85-100 psi in dual air systems?

<p>Within 45 seconds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do with a fully charged air system typically at 125 psi?

<p>Turn off the engine, release the parking brake, and time the air pressure drop.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What two things help you prevent rollover?

<p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

Large combination vehicles take longer to stop when they are?

<p>Empty than when fully loaded.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the earliest and best way to recognize that the trailer has started to skid?

<p>Seeing it in your mirrors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a vehicle goes around a corner, what happens to the rear wheels?

<p>They follow a different path than the front wheels; this is called off tracking or cheating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you cannot complete your turn without entering another traffic lane, what should you do?

<p>Turn as wide as you can to complete the turn.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When trying to back up with a trailer, what is best?

<p>In a straight line.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should you never use the hand valve for parking?

<p>Because all the air might leak out, unlocking brakes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the tractor protection valve do?

<p>Keeps air in the tractor or truck brake system should the trailer break away or develop a bad leak.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does the tractor protection valve close automatically?

<p>If air pressure is low (range of 20-45 psi).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two air lines every combination vehicle has?

<p>The service line and the emergency line.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are coupling devices used to connect the service and emergency air lines from the truck or tractor to the trailer?

<p>Glad hands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Modulating Valves and Brake Systems

  • Modulating valve controls spring brakes via dashboard handle for gradual application.
  • Air tank in some vehicles is used to release spring brakes.
  • Minimum tread for front tires is 4/32 inch, and 2/32 inch for rear tires.
  • A steering wheel play of 10 degrees (two inches) can hinder steering capabilities.
  • If over 25% of leaf springs are leaking, the vehicle must be taken out of service.

Safety and Inspection Requirements

  • Required warning devices for parked vehicles include three reflective triangles, six fuses, or three liquid burning flares.
  • Air pressure should rise from 50 psi to 90 psi in three minutes, governed cutout activates at 120-140 psi.
  • Safety equipment must consist of spare fuses, reflective triangles, or burning flares.
  • Oil pressure range for vehicles should be 5-20 psi; operating range is 35-75 psi.

Inspection and Reaction Distances

  • Inspect cargo securement within 50 miles of trip start and every 150 miles or three hours thereafter.
  • Reaction distance averages at 3/4-1 second, typically covering 61 feet at 55 mph; braking distance at this speed may require about 216 feet.
  • Total stopping distance at 55 mph is approximately 419 feet, and tripling speed increases braking distance exponentially.

Driving Conditions and Safety Measures

  • On slippery roads, reduce speed by one-third (from 55 mph to 35 mph); on icy roads, cut speed by half.
  • Hydroplaning can occur at speeds as low as 30 mph during heavy rainfall.
  • Braking effects are optimal when near governed RPMs with the transmission in lower gears.

Handling Emergencies and Vehicle Dynamics

  • In case of an accident, protect the scene, notify authorities, and attend to the injured.
  • Distribute cargo low to maintain stability; heavier items should be placed at lower sections.
  • Maintain proper tie-downs: two for every section up to ten feet.

Air Brake System Mechanics

  • A dual air brake system operates off a single set of controls and requires compressor pressure of at least 100 psi before driving.
  • Low pressure alarms activate below 60 psi; large buses may trigger at 80-85 psi.
  • The tractor protection valve helps retain air pressure within the truck's brake system during trailer separation.

Skidding and Steering Techniques

  • Front wheel skids can be controlled by allowing the vehicle to decelerate; avoid braking abruptly.
  • Trailer hand valves shouldn't be used for parking, as this may lead to air pressure loss and unlock brakes.
  • When turning, ensure to avoid using brakes while in motion and to turn wide if needed to avoid crossing lanes.

Coupling and Trailer Safety

  • Glad hands are the devices that connect service and emergency air lines between truck and trailer.
  • Always keep cargo low and take turns slowly to prevent rollovers; this is crucial for stability with combination vehicles.
  • The rear wheels of a vehicle take a different path than the front, causing off-tracking during turns.

By familiarizing yourself with these key points, driving and safety practices can be effectively understood and applied.

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Test your knowledge about Class E Driver regulations in Georgia with these flashcards. Learn key terms and definitions necessary for safe driving practices, including essential vehicle components and safety measures. Perfect for preparing for your driving test.

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