Class 9 Science Chapter 5 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the process of water movement through a semipermeable membrane called?

  • Diffusion
  • Filtration
  • Capillarity
  • Osmosis (correct)
  • What happens to the water in potato cup B after adding sugar?

  • Water leaves the cup.
  • Water enters the hollowed section. (correct)
  • Water evaporates.
  • Water freezes.
  • Why is potato cup A important in the osmosis experiment?

  • To observe the effects of salt.
  • To serve as a control with no solute. (correct)
  • To provide additional nutrients.
  • To be a comparison for the other cups.
  • What prevents osmosis from occurring in potato cup A?

    <p>Lack of a liquid medium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs in potato cup C after the addition of salt?

    <p>Water accumulates in the hollowed portion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Membrane-bound organelles are absent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement distinguishes plant cells from animal cells?

    <p>Plant cells contain plastids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a feature of eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Absence of nucleolus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do amoebas obtain their food?

    <p>By encircling food with pseudopodia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which difference is true regarding the size of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Eukaryotic cells are generally larger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but absent in prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Nucleolus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of animal cells?

    <p>Presence of centrosomes and centrioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism separates daughter cells in plant cell division?

    <p>Creation of a cell plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelles contain their own genetic material?

    <p>Chloroplast and Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the plasma membrane considered selectively permeable?

    <p>It lets only certain molecules enter or exit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the scientist that first discovered cells?

    <p>Robert Hooke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs if the organization of a cell is severely damaged?

    <p>The cell will not survive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are lysosomes referred to as 'suicide bags'?

    <p>They contain enzymes that can digest the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the plasma membrane is ruptured?

    <p>The lysosomes may burst and digest the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?

    <p>Modification and packaging of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do ribosomes play in a cell?

    <p>They synthesize proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>Storage, modification, and packaging of products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are mitochondria referred to as the powerhouse of the cell?

    <p>They synthesize energy in the form of ATP during respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are lipids that compose the cell membrane synthesized?

    <p>Smooth endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do CO2 and O2 typically move in and out of cells?

    <p>By diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Well-defined nuclear membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for producing proteins for the cell membrane?

    <p>Rough endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the concentration of CO2 during respiration inside the cell?

    <p>It accumulates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do prokaryotic cells lack that eukaryotic cells possess?

    <p>Nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Fundamental Unit of Life: Key Concepts

    • Organelles with Genetic Material: Chloroplasts and mitochondria have their own DNA, distinguishing them from other organelles.

    • Site of Protein Synthesis: Proteins are synthesized in ribosomes, which can be found either free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

    Discovery of Cells

    • Robert Hooke: An English scientist who discovered cells in 1665 using a self-designed microscope to observe cork.

    Celular Structure and Function

    • Cell as a Unit of Life: Cells are the foundational building blocks of all living organisms, responsible for all life processes.

    • Plasma Membrane: Characterized as selectively permeable, made of lipids and proteins, controlling the entry and exit of molecules.

    • Cell Death Mechanism: If a cell’s organization is disrupted, lysosomes can release digestive enzymes, leading to cellular self-digestion and death.

    • Lysosomes: Known as "suicide bags," they contain hydrolytic enzymes for digestion, which can also lead to cell destruction if released.

    Importance of Golgi Apparatus

    • Role of Golgi Apparatus: Essential for the modification, packaging, and transport of cellular materials. Without it, cells cannot effectively manage biochemical substances.

    Energy Production

    • Mitochondria: Known as the powerhouse of the cell, they generate ATP through respiration, crucial for cellular energy.

    Membrane Components

    • Synthesis of Cell Membrane Components:
      • Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER): Synthesizes lipids.
      • Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER): Contains ribosomes for protein synthesis.

    Gas Exchange Mechanism

    • Diffusion of Gases: CO2 and O2 move across cell membranes through diffusion, with CO2 being produced in respiration and O2 consumed.

    Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells

    • Prokaryotic Cells: Typically smaller (1-10μm), have no defined nuclear membrane, single chromosome, and lack membrane-bound organelles.

    • Eukaryotic Cells: Generally larger (5-100μm), possess a well-defined nuclear membrane, multiple chromosomes, and contain membrane-bound organelles.

    Plant Cells vs. Animal Cells

    • Structural Differences:
      • Plant Cells: Have a cell wall, plastids, large vacuoles, and form daughter cells via cell plate.
      • Animal Cells: Lack a cell wall, no plastids, smaller vacuoles, and form daughter cells by constriction.

    Feeding Mechanism

    • Amoeba Feeding: Uses pseudopodia to envelop planktonic bacteria and forms a food vacuole for digestion.

    Osmosis Explained

    • Definition of Osmosis: Movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from high to low water concentration, crucial for cellular processes.

    Osmosis Experiment with Potatoes

    • Observation of Osmosis: Adding sugar or salt creates a hypertonic solution that draws water into the potato cups (B and C).
    • Control: Cup A serves as a control to demonstrate osmotic differences, while cup D (boiled potato) shows altered permeability but no osmotic effect.

    Expectations from the Experiment

    • Water Accumulation Reasons: Occurs in cups containing sugar or salt due to the osmotic pressure.
    • No Water Accumulation: In cups A and D, due to lack of a solution to facilitate osmosis.

    These notes capture the key elements and concepts from the Chapter on the Fundamental Unit of Life, essential for Class 9 Science students.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of Chapter 5 - The Fundamental Unit of Life from Class 9 Science. This quiz features very short answer and short answer questions that will challenge your knowledge on key concepts such as organelles and protein synthesis.

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