Class 9 Biology: Cell Functions and Components

Cell Function and Structure

• The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life, responsible for carrying out various cellular activities.

Cell Membrane

• The main component of a cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer, which provides a barrier between the cell's internal environment and the external environment.

Photosynthesis

• Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts, organelles found in plant cells, where light energy is converted into chemical energy.

Nucleus

• The nucleus is the control center of the cell, responsible for storing genetic information in the form of DNA and regulating cellular activities.

Protein Synthesis

• The ribosomes are responsible for synthesizing proteins within the cell, using mRNA as a template to assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains.

Cellular Respiration

• The mitochondria are the cellular structures involved in cellular respiration, generating ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through the process of cellular respiration.

Cytoskeleton

• The main function of the cytoskeleton is to provide structural support, shape, and mechanical stability to the cell, as well as facilitating cellular movement and division.