Class 12 Business Studies: Principles of Management
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Questions and Answers

A company is facing high employee turnover. Which principle, according to Fayol, should they focus on to address this issue?

  • Stability of tenure of personnel (correct)
  • Unity of direction
  • Esprit de corps
  • Scalar chain

A project team is experiencing constant conflict and a lack of coordination. According to Taylor's principles, what should management prioritize to resolve this?

  • Division of work
  • Order
  • Science, not rule of thumb
  • Harmony, not discord (correct)

In a rapidly growing startup, decision-making is slow because all decisions require approval from the CEO. Which of Fayol's principles is most relevant to address this bottleneck?

  • Centralization (correct)
  • Remuneration of employees
  • Unity of command
  • Scalar chain

An organization is implementing scientific management principles. Which action best exemplifies the application of 'science, not rule of thumb'?

<p>Conducting time and motion studies to optimize workflows. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company is trying to foster a sense of unity and pride among its employees. Which of Fayol's principles directly addresses this objective?

<p>Esprit de corps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A manufacturing company is trying to improve efficiency by assigning specialized tasks to each worker. Which principle of management are they applying?

<p>Division of work (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a project, individual team members are prioritizing their personal goals over the project's objectives. Which principle of Fayol is being violated?

<p>Subordination of individual interest to general interest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of Taylor's principles is most closely related to the idea of providing employees with training and opportunities for professional development?

<p>Development of each and every person to his or her greatest efficiency and prosperity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company focusing solely on maximizing production efficiency without considering customer needs is adhering to which marketing management philosophy?

<p>Production concept (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element of the marketing mix is most closely associated with supply chain management and logistics?

<p>Place (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A consumer advocacy group launches a campaign to educate the public about the potential dangers of a specific product. Which consumer right are they primarily promoting?

<p>Right to safety (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company decides to implement eco-friendly packaging and donate a portion of its profits to environmental causes. Which marketing management philosophy does this BEST represent?

<p>Societal marketing concept (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following marketing functions directly contributes to building and maintaining a positive brand image and reputation?

<p>Public relations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A consumer purchases a faulty electronic device. According to consumer rights, what recourse should they FIRST pursue?

<p>Seek redressal from the seller or manufacturer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company offers a 'buy-one-get-one-free' deal for a limited time. This is an example of which promotional activity?

<p>Sales promotion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A manufacturer altered the expiration date on a food product, extending its shelf life beyond what is safe for consumption. Which consumer right has this manufacturer violated?

<p>The right to be informed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of scientific management focuses on reducing unnecessary movements in a job to improve efficiency?

<p>Motion study (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company is implementing a system where workers are paid differently based on the number of units they produce. Which scientific management technique does this represent?

<p>Differential piece wage system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic of the business environment acknowledges that a change may significantly affect one company while having little impact on another?

<p>Relative (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A new government policy reduces import tariffs. How would this primarily affect businesses, according to dimensions of the business environment?

<p>Economic environment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A tech startup is deciding whether to develop an entirely new product or improve an existing one. Which stage of the planning process does this represent?

<p>Identifying alternative courses of action (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a company choose a divisional structure over a functional structure?

<p>To respond efficiently to the dynamics of different markets or product lines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A manager assigns a task to a subordinate but does not provide sufficient resources or autonomy to complete it effectively. Which element of delegation is most likely missing?

<p>Authority (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which 'limitation of planning' is most evident when a company's long-term strategic plan fails to adapt to a sudden, disruptive technological innovation introduced by a competitor?

<p>Rigidity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company aims to increase its market share by 15% within the next three years. Which type of plan does this represent?

<p>Objective (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A retail chain allows individual store managers to make decisions about local promotions and inventory based on their understanding of local customer preferences. What management practice is this?

<p>Decentralization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of 'fatigue study' as a technique of scientific management?

<p>To reduce fatigue among workers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the 'political environment' as a dimension of the business environment?

<p>The stability and policies of the government (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company implements a strict 'no personal phone calls during work hours' directive. What type of plan does this represent?

<p>Rule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is most directly achieved through 'departmentalization' during the organizing process?

<p>Grouping activities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An employee is consistently late submitting reports, despite having the necessary skills and resources. According to the elements of delegation, which is most lacking?

<p>Accountability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios BEST exemplifies the importance of decentralization in an organization?

<p>A company empowers regional managers to make quick decisions in response to local market changes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company is experiencing high employee turnover. Which of the following staffing processes should be critically examined to address this issue?

<p>Recruitment and Selection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A software company needs to quickly fill several positions for a new project. Considering the need for speed and access to specialized skills, which recruitment source would be MOST effective?

<p>Placement agencies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary distinction between training and development within the context of staffing?

<p>Training focuses on current job skills, while development prepares for future roles. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element of directing ensures that employees understand their tasks and organizational goals?

<p>Communication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which need must be satisfied before an individual can focus on achieving esteem needs?

<p>Social needs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company wants to improve employee morale and productivity. Which of the following non-financial incentives would be MOST effective in achieving this?

<p>Implementing job enrichment programs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the controlling process, what is the significance of comparing actual performance with established standards?

<p>To identify deviations and areas needing corrective action. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does controlling contribute to the effectiveness of planning in an organization?

<p>Controlling ensures that activities align with the plans, enabling goal achievement. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which financial decision involves determining the optimal mix of debt and equity to finance business operations?

<p>Financing decision (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of financial planning in an organization?

<p>To ensure funds are available when needed and avoid unnecessary fund accumulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company with stable cash flows can afford to have a higher:

<p>Debt-to-equity ratio (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors would MOST likely increase a company's working capital requirements?

<p>Extending the credit period offered to customers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of financial markets in an economy?

<p>To mobilize savings and allocate them to productive investments. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key function of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)?

<p>To protect the interests of investors in the securities market. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Principles of Management

Fundamental truths guiding managerial decisions & improve efficiency.

Division of Work

Specializing tasks to boost efficiency.

Authority and Responsibility

Managers' power to give orders and be accountable.

Discipline

Adherence to organizational rules.

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Unity of Command

Each employee receives orders from only one superior.

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Subordination of Individual Interest

Organization's interests come first.

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Science, not Rule of Thumb

Using science to find the best way to do a job.

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Harmony, not Discord

Teamwork and collaboration between workers and management.

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What is Marketing?

The process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives.

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What is a Marketing Mix?

A set of marketing tools that the firm uses to pursue its marketing objectives in the target market.

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What is a Product?

Goods or services offered by the organization.

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What is Price?

The amount of money customers pay for the product.

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What is Place?

The distribution channels used to make the product available to customers.

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What is Promotion?

Communicating persuasive information about the product to customers.

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What is Consumer Protection?

Protecting consumers from unfair trade practices.

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Right to Safety

The right to be protected against goods and services that are hazardous to health.

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Staffing

Assigning and maintaining personnel to fill organizational roles.

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Recruitment

Seeking potential employees and encouraging them to apply.

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Selection

Choosing the most suitable candidates for job roles.

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Training and Development

Improving employees' skills and knowledge for current and future roles.

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Directing

Guiding and inspiring employees to achieve organizational goals.

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Supervision

Overseeing subordinates' work to ensure quality and efficiency.

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Communication

Exchanging information and ideas between individuals or groups.

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Leadership

Influencing behavior to willingly pursue organizational goals.

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Motivation

Stimulating action to achieve desired outcomes.

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Controlling

Ensuring activities align with the original plan.

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Financial Management

Optimizing the acquisition and utilization of funds.

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Investment Decision

How funds are allocated to various assets.

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Financing Decision

How a company funds its assets (debt vs. equity).

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Dividend Decision

Deciding how much profit to distribute to shareholders versus reinvesting.

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Financial Markets

Markets where financial instruments are created and traded.

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Functional Foremanship

Management responsibilities divided among eight specialists.

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Standardization & Simplification

Reducing waste and improving efficiency using uniform tools and methods.

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Method Study

Finding the one best way to perform a specific job or task.

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Motion Study

Analyzing body movements to eliminate the unnecessary motions.

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Time Study

Determining the standard time required to complete any given job.

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Fatigue Study

Reducing fatigue among workers. Improves well-being.

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Differential Piece Wage

Paying workers differently depending on their efficiency.

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Business Environment

All factors, internal and external, impacting a business's operation.

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Liberalization

Reduces government control over businesses encouraging competition.

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Privatization

Transferring ownership from public to private sector.

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Globalization

Integrating national economies into the global economy.

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Planning

Deciding in advance what to do and how to do it to achieve objectives.

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Policy

A general statement that guides decision-making within an organisation.

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Procedure

Standardized steps to follow in order to perform certain task in order.

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Delegation

Assigning responsibility, granting authority, creating accountability.

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Study Notes

The provided text does not contain new information. The existing study notes are already comprehensive and cover all the points mentioned in the new text. Therefore, no updates are needed.

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Description

Explore principles of management for Class 12, including Fayol's principles. Learn about division of work, authority, and responsibility. Understand how these enhance managerial decision-making.

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