Class 11th Biology Concepts Quiz

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells and involves the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen using sunlight and chlorophyll. Photosynthesis is significant as it is the primary source of organic compounds and oxygen in the atmosphere, forming the foundation of the food chain and supporting life on Earth.

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a double-stranded helical molecule found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. It contains genetic information and serves as the blueprint for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all living organisms. The structure of DNA consists of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix, with the nucleotide bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine forming the genetic code. The functions of DNA include storing genetic information, replicating itself during cell division, and directing the synthesis of proteins.

Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. It consists of four main stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the replicated chromosomes align and separate, ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic information. Mitosis plays a crucial role in growth, repair, and asexual reproduction in multicellular organisms, as it ensures the proper distribution of genetic material to new cells.