Civil War Union Recruitment and Funding

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Questions and Answers

What was the primary source of funding for the Union during the Civil War?

Mass bond purchases by individual citizens.

Foreign aid from European powers.

Taxes levied on Southern states.

Loans from banks and large financial institutions. (correct)

Initially, how did the Union primarily raise its armed forces?

Through a national draft law.

By using troops withdrawn from the Western frontier.

By hiring mercenaries from abroad.

By recruiting volunteers in state militias. (correct)

What was a characteristic of the initial volunteer recruitment system for the Union army?

It primarily relied on 3-month enlistments.

It forced rapid increase in the regular army.

Enlistments decreased after the initial enthusiasm for the war waned. (correct)

It consistently provided the necessary number of soldiers throughout the war.

What was the significance of the national draft law passed by the Union in March 1863?

It allowed men to avoid service by paying a government fee or hiding. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was a major cause of opposition to the conscription law in the Union?

The law was seen as an expansion of national power that was both threatening and new. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Who were the 'Copperheads' during the Civil War?

Democrats who opposed the war. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was a common early perception of Abraham Lincoln by some politicians?

He was seen as a minor politician from the prairies who could be easily controlled. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the duration of enlistment terms that Congress authorized for volunteers in July 1861?

3 years (B) Signup and view all the answers

What action did Chief Justice Taney take regarding Lincoln's wartime actions that Lincoln subsequently disregarded?

Issued a writ requiring Lincoln to release an imprisoned Maryland secessionist leader. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Supreme Court ruling in Ex parte Milligan after the Civil War?

It ruled military trials unconstitutional in areas where civil courts were functioning. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Besides pamphlets, posters, speeches and songs, what other medium was significantly mobilized by the North to build public support for the war?

Photographs. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How did the grim photographs of Civil War battlefields impact the Northern population?

They provided evidence of the sacrifices made for the Union and galvanized support for the war effort. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why was the Union Party formed in the lead-up to the 1864 presidential election?

To create a broader war-supporting coalition after Republican losses in 1862 elections. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Who was selected as Lincoln's vice-presidential running mate by the Union Party in 1864?

Andrew Johnson. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was a key difference in the use of propaganda between the North and South during the Civil War?

The North's propaganda efforts were much more organized and effective than the South's. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the defining characteristic of the photographs taken during the Civil War, as noted in the passage?

They captured the grim reality of battlefield death and destruction. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What strategic advantage did the Union achieve by controlling the Mississippi River?

It effectively split the Confederacy, disrupting trade and transportation. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why was the capture of New Orleans so significant for the Union?

It secured the mouth of the Mississippi, disrupting Confederate trade and causing major economical issues. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the quick surrender of Fort Henry?

The fear caused by Union ironclad riverboats. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why did the Confederate forces at Fort Donelson put up a stronger fight than at Fort Henry?

They were not completely intimidated by the Union ironclads and were determined to defend the position. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was a key consequence of Grant's victories at Fort Henry and Fort Donelson?

Forced Confederate troops to abandon Kentucky and a significant part of Tennessee. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the strategic error made by Confederate forces in the Western Theater?

Stretching their forces too thin across a wide defensive line. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Where was Ulysses S. Grant's initial move southward after capturing Fort Donelson directed?

Towards Pittsburg Landing, a location on the Tennessee River. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Battle of Shiloh?

A surprise attack on Grant's forces by Confederate troops near Pittsburg Landing. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What primary factor led to an expansion in the number of acceptable roles for women in Southern society after the Civil War?

A major gender imbalance due to a decimated male population and the economic necessity for women to work. (B) Signup and view all the answers

During the Civil War, what was the prevailing attitude of Confederate leaders regarding enslaved people?

They became more severe in enforcing slave codes and regulations due to fear of uprisings. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the military goals of the North and South during the Civil War?

The North needed to destroy the Confederacy, whereas the South needed to avoid defeat. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How did the absence of men on plantations during the Civil War affect the dynamic between enslaved people and those left in charge?

Enslaved people found it easier to resist the authority of women and boys who were left to manage plantations. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What significant shift is attributed to Southern women's experiences during the 1860s?

A forced questioning of the belief that females were not fit to participate actively in the public sphere. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a role that Southern women increasingly took on during the Civil War?

Serving as soldiers on the front lines. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was a key consequence of the Civil War regarding the female population in the South?

A major gender imbalance, with a substantial increase in the female population relative to the male population. (A) Signup and view all the answers

During the Civil War, what was a common action taken by enslaved people, particularly those near the front lines of the war?

They escaped their slaveholders and sought freedom behind Union lines. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What primary impact did the introduction of repeating weapons have on Civil War combat?

It increased the lethality of combat, making traditional battle lines untenable. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which technology played a crucial role in tactical awareness, despite its infrequent use?

Hot-air balloons (A) Signup and view all the answers

How did advancements in iron and steel technology impact the Civil War?

They greatly improved the effectiveness of cannons and artillery. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What significant change in military strategy resulted from the increased lethality of weapons during the Civil War?

Soldiers learned to stay low to the ground and seek cover rather than fight in open formations. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which individual is credited with introducing the repeating rifle which significantly changed warfare techniques?

Oliver Winchester (D) Signup and view all the answers

The Civil War is often considered the first 'modern' war. Which aspect of the war led to this label?

The introduction and use of new technologies and strategies that transformed warfare (B) Signup and view all the answers

Although not very impactful in the war itself, what technology is mentioned as foreshadowing future naval combat?

Submarines and torpedoes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What technological advancements, besides improved weaponry, does the text highlight as critical to the conduct of the Civil War?

The railroad and the telegraph (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was a key difference between the Confederacy's and the Union's approach to currency during the Civil War?

The Confederacy allowed multiple entities to issue notes, leading to chaos, while the Union had a more uniform system. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant consequence of the Confederacy's approach to currency during the Civil War?

Hyperinflation, with prices increasing by 9,000 percent. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Initially, how did the Confederacy raise its military?

Through volunteers, similar to the Union. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was a unique aspect of the Confederate Conscription Act of 1862, concerning exemptions?

It exempted plantation owners with twenty or more workers from service. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What caused the Confederate conscription efforts to become less effective after 1862?

The Union army began occupying large areas of the Confederacy, cutting off recruitment. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What measure did the Confederate Congress take in 1864 to address a critical manpower shortage?

They began conscripting men as young as 17 and as old as 50. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why was the Confederacy facing an 'intense war weariness, concluding that defeat was inevitable' in 1864?

Because of heavy ongoing losses and the realization that victory was no longer a likely outcome. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How did the Confederate Army's conscription policy differ from that of the Union?

The Confederate exemptions were more geared toward protecting the upper social class. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Secession Crisis

Southern leaders, known as "fire-eaters", demanded the end of the Union following Abraham Lincoln's election.
Southern states began seceding from the Union, starting with South Carolina on December 20, 1860.
The first state to secede was South Carolina.
Other states followed, including Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas.
Representatives of these states formed the Confederate States of America in Montgomery, Alabama in February 1861.
President Buchanan told Congress that no state had the right to secede from the Union.
Seceding states seized federal property within their borders.
Fort Sumter, in South Carolina, was one such location.
Lincoln refused Buchanan's proposal to transfer Fort Sumter, instead sending supplies.
This led to the attack on Fort Sumter triggering the Civil War.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the funding sources and recruitment methods of the Union during the American Civil War. This quiz covers topics such as drafts, volunteer recruitment, and significant political opposition. Challenge your understanding of key events and figures from this critical period in history.