Civil War and Reconstruction Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What was the purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation?

To pressure the Confederates to end the war.

What was the goal of the Anaconda Plan?

To gain control of the Mississippi and defeat the Confederacy.

Why was Lincoln's name left off the Louisiana ballot in 1860?

Louisiana did not recognize the Republican Party.

What was the purpose of the Missouri Compromise of 1850?

To settle disputes over slavery. Signup and view all the answers

What position would a person who supported the idea of state's rights in the United States during the 19th century hold?

The rights of states should prevail over the rights of the federal government. Signup and view all the answers

What role did the Mississippi River play in the Union's strategy?

Much of the Union's strategy depended on controlling the Mississippi. Signup and view all the answers

How were the Confederates in the Florida Parishes affected by Union occupation?

They were isolated from the rest of the state. Signup and view all the answers

What was the most controversial part of the Compromise of 1850?

The Fugitive Slave Act. Signup and view all the answers

Why were sugar planters particularly concerned with secession?

Losing protective federal tariffs would affect prices and markets for their crop. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the Fugitive Slave Act.

It requires all citizens to assist officials in the locating and return of escaped slaves. Signup and view all the answers

Give me an example of sectionalism.

Dividing the nation based on free or slave. Signup and view all the answers

What happened after the attack of Fort Sumter?

The Union and Confederacy went to war. Signup and view all the answers

What was the complaint regarding the Conscription Act?

Draft exemptions favored upper-class professionals and those who benefited from slavery. Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Black Codes?

To restrict the actions and movement of freedmen. Signup and view all the answers

Why were former Confederates unable to vote during the time of military reconstruction?

They were unable to take the oath that they had been liable to the Union. Signup and view all the answers

What was a goal of the Southern Democratic Party following the Civil War?

A commitment to white supremacy and segregation between the races. Signup and view all the answers

The reconstruction period ended when what happened?

Federal troops were withdrawn. Signup and view all the answers

Which event created the need to pass the 14th Amendment?

Passing Black Codes. Signup and view all the answers

How did Northerners respond to the passage of Black Codes in southern states?

They saw them as an extension of slavery and called for firmer federal legislation. Signup and view all the answers

As a result of Johnson's lenient reconstruction policies, what occurred in Louisiana?

Former Confederates were able to regain control of the state legislature. Signup and view all the answers

How were Lincoln and Johnson's reconstruction plans similar?

Both focused on quickly reintegrating the rebel states. Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of Louisiana's early military occupation during the Reconstruction period?

Louisiana was used as a testing ground for policies designed to bring rebel states back to the nation. Signup and view all the answers

What happened as a result of the 1866 Mechanics' Institute riot?

Northern outrage led to the election of more radical Republicans and stricter legislation. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Emancipation and Strategy

The Emancipation Proclamation aimed to pressure the Confederacy into surrendering and ending the war.
The Anaconda Plan was designed to gain control of the Mississippi River and defeat the Confederacy.

In 1860, Lincoln's name was omitted from the Louisiana ballot as the state did not acknowledge the Republican Party.
The Missouri Compromise of 1850 sought to resolve conflicts over the expansion of slavery in new territories.
A strong belief in state's rights dominated 19th-century attitudes, prioritizing state authority over federal jurisdiction.

Military Tactics and Impact

Control of the Mississippi River was a critical component of the Union's military strategy.
Union occupation affected the Confederates in the Florida Parishes by isolating them from broader state support.

Legislative Controversies

The Fugitive Slave Act was the most contentious provision of the Compromise of 1850, mandating citizens assist in the capture of runaway slaves.
Sugar planters feared secession would eliminate protective tariffs, severely impacting their crop prices and market viability.

Sectional Tensions and Events

Sectionalism exemplified the divide over free versus slave states.
The attack on Fort Sumter marked the official commencement of the Civil War.

The Conscription Act drew criticism for benefiting wealthy individuals with draft exemptions, creating a perception of inequality in the war effort.
Black Codes were enacted to restrict the freedoms and movements of newly freed individuals post-Civil War.

Reconstruction Challenges

Former Confederates could not vote during Military Reconstruction due to their inability to pledge loyalty to the Union.
The Southern Democratic Party post-Civil War aimed to uphold white supremacy and enforce racial segregation.
The end of Reconstruction coincided with the withdrawal of federal troops from the South.

Constitutional Amendments and Reactions

The passage of Black Codes necessitated the introduction of the 14th Amendment to protect the rights of freedmen.
Northerners reacted to Black Codes by condemning them as a continuation of slavery, leading to calls for stronger federal intervention.
Johnson's lenient policies allowed former Confederates to regain control of Louisiana's state legislature.

Leadership and Integration

Both Lincoln and Johnson shared the objective of swiftly reintegrating Confederate states into the Union.
Louisiana's military occupation during Reconstruction served as a pilot for strategies intended to restore governance in rebel states.

Radical Response to Violence

The Mechanics' Institute Riot in 1866 incited Northern outrage, leading to the election of more radical Republicans and the implementation of stricter laws.

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Description

Explore essential concepts from Unit 5, covering the Civil War and Reconstruction era. Test your knowledge on key events like the Emancipation Proclamation and the Anaconda Plan. Perfect for students seeking a quick review or preparation for exams.