Civil Rights Organizations in the 1960s
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Questions and Answers

What was the focus of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)?

  • Ensuring political and educational equality of minority group citizens
  • Practicing peaceful, direct action protests
  • Supporting southern blacks during the sit-in movement
  • Ensuring political and educational equality in individual cities (correct)

    • Which organization practiced peaceful, direct action protests mainly comprised of Black college students?

  • National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
  • Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
  • Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
  • Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) (correct)

    • What was the main goal of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)?

  • Ensuring political and educational equality of minority group citizens (correct)
  • Supporting southern blacks during the sit-in movement
  • Practicing peaceful, direct action protests
  • Hating black people

    • What characterizes the Ku Klux Klan (KKK)?

    <p>Hating black people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marked the beginning of the Selma to Montgomery marches?

    <p>&quot;Bloody Sunday&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main outcome of the Great Migration?

    <p>Moving 6 million black people from the American south to northern, midwestern, and western states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event prompted the start of the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

    <p>The refusal of Rosa Parks to give up her bus seat to a white man</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the 24th Amendment?

    <p>Ending the practice of poll taxes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the aim of the Black Codes?

    <p>To curtail the power of black voters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was a member of the right-wing Democratic splinter group known as Dixiecrats in the 1948 U.S. presidential election?

    <p>Southerners who objected to civil rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Supreme Court declare in the Brown vs. Board case in 1954?

    <p>Racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main objective of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

    <p>To prohibit discrimination based on race, color, religion, gender, and national origin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who initiated sit-ins as a form of protest?

    <p>African Americans at 'whites only' areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Little Rock 9' refers to the first African American students who...

    <p>Desegregated Little Rock Central High School</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the 24th Amendment specifically prohibit?

    <p>The use of poll taxes for voting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Jim Crowe' laws were aimed at...

    <p>Enforcing racial segregation and curbing the power of black voters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the focus of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)?

    <p>Desegregating individual cities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specifically did the 24th Amendment prohibit?

    <p>Using poll taxes to discriminate against voters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who initiated sit-ins as a form of protest?

    <p>SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marked the beginning of the Selma to Montgomery marches?

    <p>'Bloody Sunday'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the Ku Klux Klan (KKK)?

    <p>Hating black people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary aim of the Black Codes?

    <p>To enforce racial segregation and limit the power of black voters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the 24th Amendment address?

    <p>Prohibition of poll taxes in federal elections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterized the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) in relation to civil rights?

    <p>Engaged in violent activities to intimidate and oppress African Americans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main objective of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

    <p>To prohibit discrimination based on race, color, religion, gender, and national origin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Jim Crowe' laws were primarily aimed at...

    <p>Enforcing racial segregation and discrimination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Civil Rights Movement

    • The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) focused on nonviolent, Christian-based activism to achieve civil rights.
    • The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) practiced peaceful, direct action protests, mainly comprised of Black college students.

    Organizations and Their Goals

    • The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) aimed to ensure the political, educational, social, and economic equality of minority group citizens.
    • The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) was characterized by its white supremacist and terrorist ideology.

    Key Events

    • The Selma to Montgomery marches began with the brutal beating of peaceful protesters on Bloody Sunday, March 7, 1965.
    • The Montgomery Bus Boycott was prompted by the arrest of Rosa Parks for refusing to give up her seat to a white person.
    • The Great Migration marked the mass movement of African Americans from the rural South to urban cities in the North between 1910 and 1970.

    Amendments and Legislation

    • The 24th Amendment focused on prohibiting the federal government and states from requiring the payment of a poll tax as a condition of voting in federal elections.
    • The Civil Rights Act of 1964 aimed to outlaw discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
    • The Black Codes were aimed at maintaining white supremacy and restricting the rights of freed slaves.

    Protests and Figures

    • Sit-ins as a form of protest were initiated by Ezell Blair Jr. (Jibreel Khazan), David Richmond, Franklin McCain, and Joseph McNeil.
    • The 'Little Rock 9' refers to the first African American students who attended Little Rock Central High School in Arkansas, despite violent protests and opposition.

    Laws and Restrictions

    • 'Jim Crowe' laws were aimed at segregating and disenfranchising African Americans in the South.
    • The Black Codes were primarily aimed at restricting the rights of freed slaves and maintaining white supremacy.
    • The Supreme Court declared segregation in public schools unconstitutional in the Brown vs. Board of Education case in 1954.
    • Strom Thurmond was a member of the right-wing Democratic splinter group known as Dixiecrats in the 1948 U.S. presidential election.

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    Test your knowledge about the key civil rights organizations during the 1960s, including CORE, SNCC, SCLC, and NAACP, and their efforts to advance racial equality through various peaceful protests and movements.

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