4 Questions
What event led to explosive racial tensions in the United States in the 1950s? yes
Brown v. Board of Education ruling
Why did Governor Orville Faubus order the Arkansas National Guard to prevent the black students from attending Central High School?
To escalate the crisis and defy the federal government
What military unit was deployed to Little Rock to uphold the law and protect the students?
101st Airborne
What message did Dwight D. Eisenhower's actions send to other states attempting to defy the federal government?
To preserve the union and uphold the law
Study Notes
- Dwight D. Eisenhower becomes President of the United States in the mid-1950s, during a period of post-World War II confidence and economic growth.
- Eisenhower grew up in Abilene, Kansas, and had no black friends or experience with racial issues.
- Brown v. Board of Education (1954) rules that segregation in education is unconstitutional, leading to resistance from the South and creating explosive racial tensions.
- In 1957, at the town of Little Rock, Arkansas, nine black students (the Little Rock Nine) are selected to integrate Central High School, but are prevented from attending by a white mob.
- Governor Orville Faubus of Arkansas orders the Arkansas National Guard to prevent the students from attending, escalating the crisis.
- Eisenhower invites Faubus to Newport to discuss a solution, but Faubus refuses to back down, leading Eisenhower to send in the 101st Airborne to enforce the law and integrate the school.
- The 101st Airborne, a renowned military unit that liberated Europe during World War II, is deployed to Little Rock to uphold the law and protect the students.
- The students, now with the support of the federal government, are able to attend Central High School, marking a significant victory for the civil rights movement.
- Eisenhower's actions send a message to other states attempting to defy the federal government, preserving the union and upholding the law.
Learn about President Dwight D. Eisenhower's pivotal role in enforcing the desegregation of Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas during the civil rights movement, and his efforts to uphold the law and preserve the union amidst resistance from the South.
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