Civil Law Obligations Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which statement accurately describes public law?

It regulates relationships between private parties.

It affects only certain individuals.

It affects everyone and regulates the relationship of the state and people. (correct)

It is based solely on religious laws.

Which of the following is a feature of private law?

It regulates the relationship between the state and people.

It affects everyone.

It deals only with the two parties involved. (correct)

It must comply with federal laws only.

What does the principle 'Nemo Est Suprema Lex' mean?

The law can be dismissed in private matters.

Ignorance of the law is excused for the needy.

No one is above the law. (correct)

The law is flexible for individuals in trouble.

Which of the following principles states that 'Ignorance of the law excuses no one'?

Ignorantia Legis Neminem Excusat Signup and view all the answers

Which title number indicates the Corporation Code of the Philippines in Republic Act?

RA 11232 Signup and view all the answers

What are the essential requisites of an obligation as defined in Art. 1156?

Active Subject, Passive Subject, Juridical Necessity Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'juridical necessity' imply in the context of obligations?

It signifies a legal binding to do or not do something. Signup and view all the answers

Which law requires that 'I did not know' is not an excuse for non-compliance?

Law on Obligations and Contracts Signup and view all the answers

What type of right does Lance have on the pig before December 1, 2024?

No right Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents extraordinary diligence?

Care found in common carriage Signup and view all the answers

When does Lance become the owner of the pig?

On December 1, 2024, upon delivery Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the piglets if the pig gives birth before December 1, 2024?

They are owned by Lance Signup and view all the answers

What does the principle 'Genus Nunquam Peruit' signify?

A specific thing never perishes Signup and view all the answers

Which vehicle was promised to B by A?

A red Honda car model 1991 with plate number XYZ 123 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes money in a legal context?

Always referred to as generic and replaceable Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes 'Ordinary diligence'?

Is the average care expected from individuals Signup and view all the answers

What best defines 'unjust enrichment' in a contractual relationship?

When one party fulfills their obligations while the other does not. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions would be considered a 'delict'?

Driving under the influence and causing an accident. Signup and view all the answers

What is the legal obligation of a driver towards their passenger?

To bring the passenger safely to their destination. Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would 'quasi-delict' apply?

A pedestrian is harmed without a prior contract with the driver. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a type of liability mentioned?

Moral liability. Signup and view all the answers

Which action would likely be classified as a crime or felony under the law?

Committing robbery. Signup and view all the answers

What type of responsibility does a neighbor have when an accident happens?

To assist the harmed neighbor without a contractual obligation. Signup and view all the answers

What is implied by 'legal obligations derived from law'?

Only obligations specifically mentioned in codes or laws are enforceable. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a potestative condition depends on the actions of the debtor?

The obligation is void. Signup and view all the answers

Which is true about resolutory conditions?

The effect is immediate upon fulfillment. Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario is a condition considered potestative and valid?

A will pay B 9K if B wants A to pay. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a suspensive and resolutory condition?

Resolutory conditions lead to the termination of obligations. Signup and view all the answers

If an impossible condition is imposed, what will be the outcome?

The obligation is void. Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a casual condition?

It relies on a chance occurrence. Signup and view all the answers

An express condition in a contract is characterized by what?

It is explicitly stated and defined. Signup and view all the answers

When can rights be acquired under a resolutory condition?

After the termination of the prior obligation. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Obligatio' signify in legal contexts?

The concept of tying or binding obligations Signup and view all the answers

Which classification of law specifically pertains to the rights and duties it creates?

Substantive Law Signup and view all the answers

In the context of obligations, what is the 'juridical vinculum'?

The legal relationship binding the creditor and debtor Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a feature of procedural law?

It creates rights and duties Signup and view all the answers

Which classification describes obligations that can be fulfilled in parts?

Divisible obligations Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a creditor in an obligation?

To receive the benefit of prestation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary date of effectivity of the Civil Code of the Philippines?

August 30, 1950 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of obligation involves two parties where each has a duty to the other?

Bilateral obligation Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Classifications of Law

Joint and Solidary: Obligations where multiple parties are responsible.
Quasi-Judiciary: Entities like NLRC that implement and decide law.
Divisible and Indivisible: Obligations that can be divided or must be performed as a whole.
Obligation of a Penal Clause: Additional penalties in contracts for failure to comply.

Major Classifications

Purpose of Law:
- Substantive Law: Establishes rights and duties, including obligations and contracts.
- Procedural Law: Outlines how remedies are pursued, e.g., court filings.
Subject Matter:
- Public Law: Affects society as a whole; regulates state and individual relationships.
- Private Law: Governs relationships between particular individuals.

Law on Obligations & Contracts

Civil Code of the Philippines: Effective since August 30, 1950 (RA 386), divided into four books with 19 titles.
Obligation Defined: Juridical necessity to perform or refrain from an act (Art. 1156).

Essential Requisites of Obligation

Active Subject: Creditor who has the right to demand performance.
Passive Subject: Debtor responsible for fulfilling the obligation.
Juridical Vinculum: The legal bond between creditor and debtor.
Prestation: The actual performance or fulfillment of the obligation.

Legal Principles

Ignorantia Legis Neminem Excusat: Ignorance of the law is no excuse.
Nemo Est Suprema Lex: No one is above the law.
Dura Lex Sed Lex: The law may be strict but still valid.

Unjust Enrichment

Occurs when one party benefits at the expense of another without a contract.
"Bawal malamang": One cannot unduly deprive themselves at the expense of another.

Examples of Quasi-Contracts

Situations where one party fulfills a need without a prior agreement, like paying for a neighbor's funeral expenses.

Delicts and Crimes

Defined as acts punishable by law, including murder, theft, and other felonies.

Types of Obligations

Legal Obligations: Outlined in laws; violations include illegal acts like drunk driving.
Quasi-Delict: Occurs due to negligence without a prior contractual relationship.

Rights evolve from the binding contract or law; obligations emerge from specific terms outlined in agreements or statutes.

Classification of Conditions

Potestative: Depends on the will of the debtor or creditor.
Casual: Depends on chance or an external event.
Mixed: Incorporates elements of both potestative and casual.

Levels of Diligence

Extraordinary Diligence: Required in special industries, like common carriers.
Ordinary Diligence: Average level of care expected by law.
Resolutory Conditions: Events that can terminate rights based on fulfillment.

Form of Obligations

Express and Implied: Obligations can be clearly defined or inferred from actions.

Possibility of Obligation

Must be legally possible; impossible obligations are void.

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Description

Test your knowledge on civil law obligations, including joint and solidary obligations, quasi-judiciary processes, and the implications of divisibility. This quiz covers key concepts and classifications within the framework of civil law. Perfect for law students and practitioners seeking to reinforce their understanding of these legal principles.