Civil Disobedience vs Non-Cooperation Movement: Key Differences and Indian Freedom Struggle

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Questions and Answers

What event led to Gandhiji withdrawing the Non-Cooperation movement in February 1922?

Arrest of Alluri Sitarama Raju

Second Round Table Conference

Lahore Congress

Chauri Chaura incident (correct)

In which year did Congress adopt the demand for 'Purna Swaraj' during the Lahore Congress?

1929 (correct)

1930

1924

1921

Why did various classes and groups of Indians participate in the Civil Disobedience Movement?

To support British rule in India

To discourage nationalism in India

To picket foreign cloth and liquor shops (correct)

To oppose the Khilafat movement

What was the significant action that marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement in March 1930?

Gandhiji breaking the salt law at Dandi Signup and view all the answers

During the national movement, why did women from high-caste families and rich peasant households start participating in public activism?

Moved by Gandhiji's call for service to the nation Signup and view all the answers

What did Gandhiji believe was the primary duty of women during the nationalist movement?

To look after home and hearth, be good mothers and good wives Signup and view all the answers

Which event led to the re-launching of Civil Disobedience Movement in 1932?

'Purna Swaraj' demand by women activists Signup and view all the answers

What was a challenge faced by the Non-Cooperation Movement that compelled students and teachers to return to government institutions?

Slow development of alternative Indian institutions Signup and view all the answers

In which region did peasants led by Baba Ramchandra protest against high rents, begar, and lack of tenure security during the Non-Cooperation Movement?

Awadh Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary demand of the peasant movement led by Baba Ramchandra in Awadh during the Non-Cooperation Movement?

Security of tenure for tenants Signup and view all the answers

Why did peasants in Awadh participate in the Non-Cooperation Movement led by Baba Ramchandra?

To resist high rents and forced labor imposed by landlords Signup and view all the answers

What type of demonstration or protest is defined by the word 'Picket' as mentioned in the text?

Blockade of entrances to shops or offices Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of the slow development of alternative Indian institutions during the Non-Cooperation Movement?

Return of students and teachers to government institutions Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial step suggested to begin the Non-Cooperation movement?

To surrender government awards Signup and view all the answers

Why were many within the Congress hesitant about boycotting the council elections in November 1920?

Fear of popular violence Signup and view all the answers

At which Congress session was the Non-Cooperation programme adopted in December 1920?

Nagpur Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of boycotting foreign cloth during the Non-Cooperation movement?

Symbol of Western economic and cultural domination Signup and view all the answers

Why did some social groups conceive concerns about the Non-Cooperation movement?

Fear of popular violence Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of Mahatma Gandhi and Shaukat Ali in mobilizing support for the Non-Cooperation movement?

Touring extensively to mobilize popular support Signup and view all the answers

Why did the Justice Party in Madras decide to participate in the council elections unlike other provinces?

They believed entering the council was a way to gain power that was typically only accessible to Brahmans. Signup and view all the answers

What impact did the boycott of foreign cloth have on its import between 1921 and 1922?

It halved the import of foreign cloth. Signup and view all the answers

Why did the movement in the cities gradually slow down despite its initial momentum?

Khadi cloth was cheaper than mill cloth, making it more accessible to poor people. Signup and view all the answers

What led to an increase in production of Indian textile mills and handlooms during the boycott movement?

Boycott of foreign cloth and wearing only Indian clothes. Signup and view all the answers

Why were poor people unable to sustain the boycott of mill cloth for too long during the movement?

Mill cloth was cheaper than Khadi cloth. Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant economic impact of the non-cooperation movement on foreign goods?

Refusal by merchants and traders to deal in foreign goods. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Civil Disobedience Movement

Mahatma Gandhi led the Civil Disobedience Movement, which began with the Dandi March, a 24-day, 10-mile-a-day walk to Dandi, where he violated the salt law by boiling sea water to manufacture salt.
The movement spread nationwide, with thousands breaking the salt law, manufacturing salt, and demonstrating in front of government salt factories.
The movement involved boycotts of foreign cloth, liquor shops, and colonial laws, as well as peasants refusing to pay revenue and chaukidari taxes.

Participation in the Movement

Thousands of people, including women, joined the movement, participating in protest marches, manufacturing salt, and picketing foreign cloth and liquor shops.
Women from high-caste families in urban areas and rich peasant households in rural areas participated in the movement, seeing service to the nation as a sacred duty.
Workers participated selectively, adopting some Gandhian ideas, such as boycotting foreign goods, as part of their own movements against low wages and poor working conditions.

Key Features of the Movement

The movement was characterized by large-scale participation of women, who moved out of their homes to participate in protests and demonstrations.
The movement involved breaking colonial laws, including forest laws, and refusing to pay revenue and taxes.
The movement was marked by violent clashes between protesters and the colonial government.

The Non-Cooperation Movement

The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched in 1921, with Mahatma Gandhi and Shaukat Ali mobilizing popular support through extensive tours.
The movement involved boycotting British institutions, including civil services, army, police, courts, and legislative councils.
The movement also involved boycotting foreign goods and institutions, such as foreign cloth and liquor shops.

Participation in the Non-Cooperation Movement

Middle-class people, including students, teachers, and lawyers, participated in the movement, boycotting government-controlled schools and colleges, and refusing to participate in council elections.
Peasants and tribals participated in the movement, demanding reduction of revenue, abolition of begar, and social boycott of oppressive landlords.

Economic Impact of Non-Cooperation

The movement had a significant impact on the economy, with the import of foreign cloth halving between 1921 and 1922.
The production of Indian textile mills and handlooms increased as people began to discard imported clothes and wear only Indian ones.
Merchants and traders refused to trade in foreign goods or finance foreign trade, contributing to the economic impact of the movement.

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Test your knowledge on the differences between the Civil Disobedience Movement and the Non-Cooperation Movement led by Mahatma Gandhi during the Indian independence struggle. Learn about key events such as the salt march and understand the strategies employed during these movements.

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