Civil and Criminal Procedure Quiz

Describes the actual events leading to a legal dispute, providing a factual account of what happened.

Applying legal rules to the established facts to resolve the dispute.

Set of rules governing disputes between individuals or organizations, including lawsuits and court proceedings.

Rules that allow a party to enforce a court decision, ensuring that the winning party gets what they are entitled to.

Rules that regulate how criminal justice institutions operate, including the roles of prosecutors and other authorities.

The process of making a law official and available to the public.

The act of checking that a law is valid and properly created.

The process where the official text of the law is published, usually in a government journal.

The stage where the law is put into practice and applied to all relevant people.

The delay between when a law is made and when it starts being used.

Financial compensation awarded to a wronged party in a civil case - it can include both the direct cost of the harm caused and additional charges for inconvenience or hardship.

A type of legal consequence for a wrongdoing where restrictions are placed on the individual or their property, aiming to prevent further harm or deter future wrongdoing.

Penalties imposed by a court for criminal offenses, ranging from fines and community service to imprisonment and, in some cases, death.

A type of legal action where a party is punished for a wrongdoing defined as a 'crime' under specific guidelines, often involving incarceration and consequences.

Minor legal offenses with lighter consequences, often involving fines or short periods of imprisonment.

The right of a public authority to enforce and punish violations of the law.

The separation of powers into legislative, executive, and judicial branches as outlined in Article 107 of the constitution.

Rules set by a competent public body, with a formal and binding nature.

Includes all rules established by a competent public body, including formal laws, customs, and practices.

The ultimate legal source, establishing the fundamental principles and structures of the state.

The principle that everyone is subject to the same laws, regardless of their status or position. It ensures fairness and predictability in society.

Consequences imposed by the law for breaking rules. These consequences can range from fines to imprisonment, depending on the severity of the offense.

Punishments or penalties imposed for breaking the law. These are designed to deter future criminal behavior and hold offenders accountable.

Legal remedies aimed at addressing harm caused by a breach of contract or negligence. These typically involve financial compensation for the injured party.

The use of force by the state to enforce its laws and maintain order. This can be applied to individuals or groups who break the law or pose a threat to public safety.

The legal framework governing interactions between businesses and commercial activities.

A legal system that prioritizes written laws and codes, establishing a clear framework for legal principles and decisions.

Rights that have a monetary value, such as property ownership, financial claims, or intellectual property.

Legal rights related to tangible assets, giving the owner control and exclusive use.

The body of law based on judicial precedents, common practices, and customary laws. It emphasizes judges' decisions as a primary source of law.

The process through which a court determines if a party has a valid commercial right and the steps involved to enforce that right.

Courts with jurisdiction over a wide range of legal matters, typically resolving disputes based on common law.

Courts designed to handle specific types of legal matters, like commercial or administrative disputes.

The rule of law is a general, impersonal, and obligatory rule that applies to everyone and is enforced by public authorities. It must be just and free from contradictions, and its legitimacy is determined by a formal vote.

The rule of law is abstract because it applies to a wide range of situations, not just specific cases. It's general because it applies to everyone, and it's obligatory because it's a command that everyone must follow.

The rule of law is concrete in the sense that it applies to specific situations, even though the underlying principle is broad.

The rule of law is a social phenomenon that helps maintain order and justice in an organized society.

The rule of law is a powerful tool used to ensure fairness and justice. It acts as a shield to protect individual rights and freedoms while simultaneously being a sword to punish those who break the laws.

A right that originates from the natural order of things, inherent to all individuals, such as the right to life, liberty, and property.

A right recognized and enforced by the state, established through laws and regulations, based on principles of natural law.

A distinguishing feature of positive rights: they are clearly written, officialized, and accessible to the public.

A quality of positive rights: they are constantly evolving and adapting to social changes and needs.

A positive right is always based on principles of natural law, but it originated from a state's own interpretation of it.

This branch of law deals with issues like contracts, civil liability, family law, and property rights. It forms the foundation of the French legal system.

This branch focuses on legal aspects of business activities, including company formation, trade practices, and the legal status of businesspeople.

These are legal rules that apply to specific areas beyond those covered by common law and commercial law. Some examples include intellectual property, environmental law, and labor law.

The legal framework within which commercial law operates, encompassing activities such as buying/selling goods and services, starting a business, and managing debts.

The legal aspects relating to the different forms of businesses, including sole proprietorships, partnerships, and corporations.