Civics Chapter 15 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

The __ Amendment's protects people's freedom of religion, __, press, assembly, and petition.

first, speech

The First Amendment's protection of __ lies at the heart of an open, __ society.

speech, democratic

What are examples of pure speech?

Talking with friends or addressing a crowd.

What are examples of symbolic speech?

<p>Behaviors such as flag-waving or wearing a protest button.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the balancing test, what is weighed against the benefit to an individual?

<p>The danger to the public.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which categories of speech can be punished on content?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is spoken defamation called?

<p>Slander</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is published defamation called?

<p>Libel</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of speech is banned if it is false or misleading?

<p>Commercial speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 1969, the Supreme Court ruled that only speech directed toward inciting immediate lawlessness could be punished.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Regulations on expression must be viewpoint neutral.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Places in which rules about __ __ are different than in the general public include prisons, __, and the military.

<p>free speech, schools</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are restrictions placed on some forms of speech?

<p>Public safety, obscenity, defamation, fighting words, commercial speech, and time, place for assembly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the First Amendment guarantee freedom of?

<p>Press</p> Signup and view all the answers

Freedom of the press means that government __ is prohibited by the First Amendment.

<p>censorship</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a press free of censorship able to do?

<p>Subject all our political and legal institutions to public scrutiny and criticism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Prior restraint is generally presumed constitutional by US courts.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the requirements placed on the government regarding religion under the First Amendment?

<p>Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Establishment Clause do?

<p>Forbids state and federal government from setting up churches or aiding one religion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspects of religion are still allowed in public schools?

<p>Study religion, meet in religious groups, history of religion, cannot endorse a particular religion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the right to free assembly mean?

<p>People can participate in large events such as protests or parades.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What legislation prohibited discrimination in employment based on race and gender?

<p>The Civil Rights Act of 1964.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does procedural due process mean?

<p>The government must follow fair procedures if it is going to deprive someone of life, liberty, or property.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What rights are considered fundamental by the Supreme Court?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 14th Amendment?

<p>To establish what constitutes US citizenship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Brown v. Board?

<p>The Supreme Court ruled that segregated schools could never be equal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major impact did Roe v. Wade have?

<p>Established a woman's right to get an abortion during the first 6 months of her pregnancy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the government balance when regulating assembly?

<p>The freedom of assembly with maintaining order and safe communities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

First Amendment Rights

  • Protects freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.
  • Speech is central to an open, democratic society.
  • Pure speech includes talking with friends or addressing a crowd, while symbolic speech includes actions like flag-waving.
  • The balancing test weighs public danger against individual expression rights.

Categories of Punishable Speech

  • Obscenity, defamation, and fighting words fall under punishable speech categories.
  • Slander refers to spoken defamation, whereas libel applies to published defamation.
  • Commercial speech, if false or misleading, is banned to protect consumers.

Supreme Court on Speech

  • In 1969, the Supreme Court specified that only speech inciting immediate lawlessness is punishable.
  • Regulations on expression must be viewpoint neutral and uniformly enforced across groups.
  • Free speech regulations differ in places like schools, prisons, and the military.

Freedom of the Press

  • The First Amendment guarantees press freedom, encompassing various media forms.
  • Government censorship is forbidden, allowing press scrutiny of political and legal institutions.
  • Prior restraint is deemed unconstitutional unless significant harm is provoked.

Rights of Petition and Assembly

  • The rights to petition and assembly empower collective voices against government actions.
  • Citizens can ask the government to take or refrain from actions.
  • Assembly rights permit participation in protests and social gatherings.

Religious Freedom

  • The First Amendment mandates no law respecting an establishment of religion.
  • The Establishment Clause prohibits government from favoring one religion over another.
  • The Lemon Test evaluates if government action has a secular purpose without excessive entanglement with religion.

Citizenship and Equality

  • The 14th Amendment defines US citizenship and its protections.
  • Jim Crow laws institutionalized racial segregation contrary to 14th Amendment protections.
  • Procedural due process requires fair procedures for depriving life, liberty, or property.

Gender Discrimination and Civil Rights

  • Supreme Court rulings on marriage, education, and discrimination have evolved, reinforcing civil rights.
  • The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 outlaw discrimination in various spheres.
  • The 19th Amendment in 1920 granted women full voting rights, but gender pay disparities persist.

Gun Rights and Regulation

  • The Second Amendment protects the right to bear arms, recognized with certain limitations.
  • The Gun Control Act of 1968 restricts gun ownership for specific groups such as felons and minors.
  • Recent rulings confirm the government's ability to regulate gun possession.

Privacy Rights

  • Privacy rights are derived from various amendments (1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 9th).
  • Government can impose limits on privacy for national security and investigation demands.
  • The Roe v. Wade decision established a woman's autonomy over abortion rights within the first six months of pregnancy.

Contemporary Issues

  • Post-9/11 legislation has expanded government surveillance powers.
  • The definition of who can be classified as a terrorist has broadened, impacting civil liberties.

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Test your knowledge of the key concepts related to the First Amendment in Chapter 15 of Civics. These flashcards cover important terms such as freedom of speech, religion, and the democratic principles that underpin them. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of civic rights!

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