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Questions and Answers
What does the Full Faith and Credit Clause in Article IV assert?
Which US Supreme Court case established the precedent for judicial review?
When was the Bill of Rights officially passed?
Which amendment specifically places limits on Congress regarding religion clauses?
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What do libel and slander refer to under the freedom of speech clause?
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What does Amendment 9 indicate regarding civil liberties in previous amendments?
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What is a key action practiced by individuals engaging in civic life and public experience?
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According to Jean-Jacques Rousseau, what concept is essential for a government created by the people?
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Which principle was central to the Declaration of Independence?
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What sequence of governmental systems did American colonists experience?
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What was required for any constitutional amendments under the Articles of Confederation?
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Where did the most power rest under the Articles of Confederation?
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Study Notes
Full Faith and Credit Clause
- Asserts that states must recognize and enforce the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of other states.
Judicial Review
- Established by the landmark case Marbury v. Madison, affirming the Supreme Court's authority to invalidate unconstitutional laws.
Bill of Rights
- Officially passed on December 15, 1791; consists of the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, guaranteeing individual liberties.
Limits on Congress regarding Religion
- The First Amendment places limits on Congress in relation to the establishment and free exercise of religion.
Libel and Slander
- Libel refers to written defamatory statements, while slander pertains to spoken defamatory statements, both of which are not protected under the freedom of speech clause.
Amendment 9
- Indicates that the enumeration of certain rights in the Constitution does not mean that individuals do not have other rights not specifically mentioned.
Civic Engagement
- Key actions include voting, volunteering, and participating in community discussions, all vital for active civic life.
Rousseau's Concept
- Advocated for the "social contract," emphasizing that legitimate political authority comes from the consent of the governed.
Declaration of Independence Principle
- Asserts that all individuals are created equal and possess unalienable rights, including life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
Colonists' Governmental Systems
- Experienced a sequence of self-governance, colonial charters, and eventually the British monarchy, leading to a desire for independence.
Constitutional Amendments Under Articles of Confederation
- Required unanimous consent from all thirteen states for any amendments to be ratified.
Power under the Articles of Confederation
- Most power resided within individual state governments, leading to a weak central authority that struggled to govern effectively.
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Description
Explore the actions practiced by individuals in civic life and public experiences, such as accumulating knowledge about public issues, holding public officials accountable, advocating for self-interests, and actively communicating with policy makers. Understand how political ideology shapes thinking about politics, political issues, and the role of government in society.
