Civic Education Chapter: Government Structure
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Questions and Answers

What happens in the event of the President's removal, death, resignation, or inability to perform duties?

  • The Vice-President takes over (correct)
  • The Chief Justice assumes the role
  • The National Assembly appoints a new President
  • The Secretary of State assumes power

The President's compensation can be increased after being elected.

False (B)

Who has the authority to appoint members of the Supreme Court?

The President

The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction over cases involving _____ and other public ministers.

<p>ambassadors</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following roles with their responsibilities:

<p>President = Chief executive officer Vice-President = Succession in case of Presidential vacancy Supreme Court = Judicial authority National Assembly = Legislative power</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one requirement to be appointed as a member of the Supreme Court?

<p>Must have been a citizen of the Philippines for at least five years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The National Assembly can deprive the Supreme Court of its original jurisdiction.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the official residence of the President called?

<p>Malacañang Palace</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required before private property can be taken for public use?

<p>Just compensation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All persons charged with offenses punishable by reclusion perpetua are entitled to bail.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must a person under investigation be informed of regarding their rights?

<p>The right to remain silent and to have competent and independent counsel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

No person shall be deprived of ___ without due process of law.

<p>life, liberty, or property</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following rights with their descriptions:

<p>Right to remain silent = Protection against self-incrimination Right to competent counsel = Legal representation by a qualified professional Right to bail = Released from custody before trial Presumption of innocence = Accused considered innocent until proven guilty</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of sanctions are provided for violations involving torture?

<p>Both penal and civil sanctions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Secret detention places are prohibited.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What right does the accused enjoy in criminal prosecutions?

<p>The right to a speedy, impartial, and public trial.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances can the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus be suspended?

<p>Invasion, insurrection, or rebellion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person can be held without due process for a criminal offense.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle states that the accused is presumed innocent until proven guilty?

<p>Presumption of innocence</p> Signup and view all the answers

No person shall be compelled to be a witness against __________.

<p>himself</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following articles with their focus:

<p>Article IV = Citizenship Article V = Suffrage Article VI = Legislative Department Article III = Rights of the Accused</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum age required to exercise suffrage in the Philippines?

<p>21 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Excessive fines can be imposed as punishment for a crime.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can women vote in the Philippines according to the constitutional provision on suffrage?

<p>Yes, if a plebiscite extends the right after the Constitution's adoption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Philippines renounce as an instrument of national policy?

<p>War (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The right to free speech is limited to government entities only.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary duty of parents in the rearing of youth as stated in the document?

<p>The duty of parents is to raise the youth for civic efficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without _____ of law.

<p>due process</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions must be met for a warrant to be issued?

<p>Probable cause (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person can be imprisoned for nonpayment of a poll tax according to the document.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of legislation is prohibited regarding the establishment of religion?

<p>No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the government established by the 1935 Constitution known as?

<p>Commonwealth of the Philippines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 1943 Constitution was meant to be permanent.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When was the 1943 Constitution ratified?

<p>September 7, 1943</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 1973 Constitution was composed by __________.

<p>Marcos</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the 1943 Constitution stress more than the rights and privileges of the people?

<p>Responsibilities and duties (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following constitutional periods with their respective characteristics:

<p>1935 Constitution = Established the Commonwealth of the Philippines 1943 Constitution = Categorically temporary until the end of war 1973 Constitution = Created by Marcos and underwent several amendments</p> Signup and view all the answers

All existing property rights of citizens of the United States are disregarded upon the proclamation of Philippine independence.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the assembly responsible for ratifying the 1943 Constitution?

<p>KALIBAPI</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary goal of the new government installed in 1986 in the Philippines?

<p>Restoration of democracy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 1986 Freedom Constitution acknowledged the 1973 Constitution as a valid governing document.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the president of the Philippines who promulgated the 1986 Provisional Constitution?

<p>Corazon C. Aquino</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 1986 Freedom Constitution aimed at a complete __________ of the government.

<p>reorganization</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the articles of the 1973 Constitution with their focus:

<p>Article I = National Territory Article III = Bill of Rights Article IV = Citizenship Article VI = Suffrage</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sections from the 1973 Constitution was NOT adopted into the Provisional Constitution?

<p>Article VIII (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Provisional Constitution ensured a guarantee of basic human rights during the transition period.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one key concern addressed by the 1986 Freedom Constitution regarding the military?

<p>Supremacy of civilian authority over the military</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Renunciation of war

The Philippines rejects war as a tool of national policy.

International law

Rules and principles accepted globally, part of Philippine law.

Parental rights and duty

Parents have a right and obligation in raising children for good citizenship, which the government should support.

Social justice

Ensuring everyone's well-being and financial security is the focus.

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Due process of law

Legal procedures must be followed before someone loses life, liberty, or property.

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Private property rights

Private property can only be taken for public use with fair payment.

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Unreasonable search & seizure

Protecting individuals from illegal searches and seizures by law enforcement.

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Freedom of speech and press

Guarantees freedom of expression and the press to report information openly.

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Habeas Corpus Suspension

The right to a court order ensuring that a person detained is lawfully held, which cannot be suspended except in cases of national emergency.

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Bail and Capital Offenses

People accused of crimes are expected to have bail, except in serious capital offenses with strong evidence of guilt. Excessive bail is prohibited.

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Presumption of Innocence

In a criminal trial, the accused is considered innocent until proven guilty.

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Self-Incrimination

No person is compelled to be a witness against themselves.

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Excessive Fines & Cruel Punishment

The constitution protects people from unduly high fines and cruel or unusual punishments.

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Double Jeopardy

A person cannot be tried twice for the same crime.

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Right to Counsel and Court Access

Everyone has the right to legal representation and, by extension, access to the court system.

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Presidential Oath

The oath a President takes, promising to uphold the duties of the office. This is a solemn promise to serve the nation faithfully.

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Presidential Succession

The order in which the Vice President takes over if the President is removed from office, dies, resigns, or becomes unable to serve.

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President's Compensation

The salary the President receives, set by law and cannot be changed during their term.

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President's Powers

The President controls executive departments, oversees local governments, and makes sure laws are followed.

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Judicial Power

The authority to interpret laws and make judgments about legal disputes, given to the Supreme Court and lower courts.

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Supreme Court's Original Jurisdiction

The Supreme Court has the power to hear cases involving ambassadors, public ministers, and consuls directly.

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Judicial Appointments

The President appoints Supreme Court justices and other judges, but needs approval from the National Assembly.

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Supreme Court Justice Qualifications

To become a Supreme Court justice, you must be a Filipino citizen for at least 5 years, 40 years old, and have 10 years of legal experience.

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Commonwealth of the Philippines

The name of the government established by the 1935 Constitution, lasting until the proclamation of Philippine independence.

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Republic of the Philippines

The name of the government that replaced the Commonwealth after the final withdrawal of US sovereignty and the proclamation of Philippine independence.

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What was the purpose of the 1973 Constitution?

It was intended to change the government system under Marcos's rule, giving him more power and control.

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KALIBAPI

A political organization that supported the Japanese-sponsored Second Philippine Republic and ratified the 1943 Constitution.

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1935 Constitution inauguration

The Constitution's provisions (except those in Article V and those related to elections) took effect upon the inauguration of the Commonwealth.

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The 1943 Constitution's purpose

It aimed to establish a strong executive government during the war, emphasizing citizens' duties over rights.

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Why was the 1943 Constitution temporary?

It was intended to be in place only until the end of World War II, after which a new constitution was planned.

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Amendments to the 1973 Constitution

The 1973 Constitution was amended several times because some provisions weren't followed or implemented.

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Freedom Constitution

The 1986 Provisional Constitution, enacted after the People Power Revolution, served as a temporary governing document until a new constitution could be drafted.

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Provisional Constitution

A temporary constitution that is in effect until a new, permanent constitution is established.

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Mandate of the People

The direct expression of the will of the people, often through a powerful movement such as the People Power Revolution.

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Reforms Mandated by the People

Changes demanded by the people, often through protest and revolution, leading to a new political system.

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Orderly Transition to a New Government

The process of shifting to a new political system in a planned and peaceful way.

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Restoration of Democracy

The process of bringing back democratic principles and institutions after a period of authoritarian rule.

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Protection of Basic Rights

Guaranteeing the fundamental freedoms and rights of individuals within a society, such as freedom of speech and assembly.

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Eradication of Graft and Corruption

The effort to eliminate bribery, abuse of power, and dishonest practices within the government.

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Eminent Domain

The government's right to take private property for public use, but they must pay fair compensation.

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Impairing Contracts

The government can't pass laws that interfere with existing contracts.

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Right to Counsel

Everyone has the right to a lawyer, even if they can't afford one.

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Bail

The temporary release of someone accused of a crime, in exchange for money or a promise to appear in court.

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Public Trial

A criminal trial must be open to the public, allowing for transparency and accountability.

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Study Notes

Main Topic IV: The Philippine Constitution

  • The intended learning outcomes for this topic focus on analyzing different types of sources related to the Philippine Constitution and formulating arguments for or against specific issues.

Lesson 1: The Meaning of a Constitution

  • Objectives include discussing constitutional concepts, recognizing constitutional purposes and classifications, exploring the qualities of a good constitution, and creating a topic diary using comic strips.

What is Constitution?

  • A constitution is the fundamental principles and laws of a nation, state, or group that define government powers and duties, guaranteeing rights to the people. It's a written document outlining the rules for a political or social organization.

A. Definition of Constitution

  • A constitution outlines the fundamental and entrenched rules governing an organization or nation-state.
  • It sets the basic principles and established precedents for how a state or organization operates.
  • The oldest written national constitution is the United States Constitution (1787).

Constitution Classifications

  • Written and Unwritten: A written constitution is formally documented, while an unwritten constitution emerges from customs, usages, and judicial decisions.
    • The United States Constitution is an example of a written constitution.
    • The English Constitution is an example of an unwritten constitution.
  • Cumulative or Evolved and Conventional or Enacted:
    • A cumulative or evolved constitution develops over time through customs and common law principles and court decisions.
    • A conventional or enacted constitution is intentionally created by a constitutional assembly or a governing body in a specific time and location..
  • Rigid and Flexible: A rigid constitution is difficult to amend, while a flexible constitution can be amended more easily. -The 1987 Philippine Constitution is a written, enacted, and rigid constitution.

B. Purposes of a Constitution

  • Establishes the fundamental framework of the government's structure and departments.
  • Outlines the system of government.
  • Defines the powers and rights of the government and its duties.
  • Promotes the welfare (safety, prosperity, health, and happiness) of the people it governs.
  • Guarantees freedoms, such as speech, press, and religion. (Example: People VS Linsangan)
  • Provides the process for changing the constitution.

D. Essential Qualities of a Good Written Constitution

  • Should be broad, covering all aspects of state organization.
  • Should be concise and well-defined to avoid ambiguity and different interpretations.

E. Parts of the Philippine Constitution

  • Constitution of Government: Describes the structure of the government and defines the electorate (the people entitled to vote).
  • Constitution of Liberty: Outlines the fundamental rights of the people.
  • Constitution of Sovereignty: Explains the process of amending or revising the constitution.

Acts of the United States Congress (1902-1934)

  • The Philippines was a United States colony from 1898-1934.
  • The federal government in the US consists of legislative, executive, and judicial branches.

The 1897 Constitution of Biak-na-Bato

  • This Constitution was created on March 22, 1897 in San Francisco de Malabon.
  • This established the first presidential and vice presidential election in Philippine history.

The 1899 Malolos Constitution (1899-1901)

  • Originally written in Spanish (Constitución Política).
  • Ratified on January 21, 1899.
  • Served as the basic law of the First Philippine Republic.

Some Excepts from the Malolos Constitution

  • Title I, Article 3: Sovereignty resides in the people.

Other Key Consitutions

  • 1935 Constitution (1935-1943, 1945-1973)
  • 1943 Constitution (1943-1945)
  • 1973 Constitution (1973-1986)
  • 1986 Freedom Constitution (1986-1987)
  • 1987 Constitution (1987-Present)

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Chapter 12 Phil Con (1) - Philippine Constitution PDF

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Test your knowledge on the structure of government, roles of the President, and the Supreme Court. This quiz covers constitutional requirements, rights, and responsibilities within the government system. Ensure you're well-versed in key concepts related to civic duties and legal processes.

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