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Questions and Answers
What molecule is the first and last in the citric acid cycle?
What molecule is the first and last in the citric acid cycle?
What is the function of a kinase?
What is the function of a kinase?
The first step of glycolysis uses one ATP molecule in order to_______
The first step of glycolysis uses one ATP molecule in order to_______
Fatty acids can be used to produce energy by conversion to ___________ in the ___________ of the cell.
Fatty acids can be used to produce energy by conversion to ___________ in the ___________ of the cell.
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What is gluconeogenesis?
What is gluconeogenesis?
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Pyruvate is ______to generate lactic acid and lactic acid can be ________to convert back into pyruvate during fermentation.
Pyruvate is ______to generate lactic acid and lactic acid can be ________to convert back into pyruvate during fermentation.
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Glycolysis requires a total of _____ ATP with a net gain of _____ ATP and _____ NADH molecules.
Glycolysis requires a total of _____ ATP with a net gain of _____ ATP and _____ NADH molecules.
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What is the fermentation product produced in an anaerobic muscle cell?
What is the fermentation product produced in an anaerobic muscle cell?
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The food molecule whose breakdown generates most energy in animal cells through glycolysis is____
The food molecule whose breakdown generates most energy in animal cells through glycolysis is____
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The major products of the citric acid cycle are
The major products of the citric acid cycle are
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Study Notes
Citric Acid Cycle
- Oxaloacetate is the first and last molecule in the citric acid cycle
Kinase
- Kinase is an enzyme that adds a phosphate group to a molecule, often activating it
Glycolysis
- The first step of glycolysis uses one ATP molecule to phosphorylate glucose, converting it into glucose-6-phosphate
Fatty Acid Metabolism
- Fatty acids can be used to produce energy by conversion to acetyl-CoA in the mitochondria of the cell
Gluconeogenesis
- Gluconeogenesis is the process of generating glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids and lactate
Fermentation
- Pyruvate is converted to generate lactic acid and lactic acid can be converted back into pyruvate during fermentation
- The fermentation product produced in an anaerobic muscle cell is lactic acid
Glycolysis Energy Yield
- Glycolysis requires a total of 2 ATP with a net gain of 2 ATP and 2 NADH molecules
Energy Generation in Animal Cells
- Glucose is the food molecule whose breakdown generates most energy in animal cells through glycolysis
Citric Acid Cycle Products
- The major products of the citric acid cycle are ATP, NADH, and FADH2
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