CITI Test Quiz and Flashcards on Reviewer Responsibilities

Questions and Answers

What is a reviewer's main responsibility?

Be professional and prompt.

Which of the following is the most appropriate step to take if authors believe that their manuscript was reviewed unfairly?

Revise the manuscript without addressing concerns

Ignore the review

Contact the editor with their concerns (correct)

Submit the manuscript elsewhere

Why should grant proposal reviewers with a conflict of interest remove themselves from the review process?

It lessens the chance that bias will affect the review process.

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the review process for grant proposals?

Funding agencies usually have committees, often with external reviewers, that assess the quality of the proposal. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the responsibilities of reviewers?

Reviewers should identify the positive and negative aspects of a manuscript, and indicate where improvements are needed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between single-blind review and double-blind review?

The identity of the author is revealed to the reviewer. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main criteria that the National Science Foundation (NSF) uses to evaluate grant proposals?

Intellectual merits and broader impacts. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the responsibilities of a reviewer?

A reviewer's conflict of interest should be disclosed to the journal editor or grant agency. Signup and view all the answers

How do reviewers promote ethical peer review?

By preserving the confidentiality of the submission. Signup and view all the answers

Why did the Royal Society of London develop the modern form of peer review?

To control the quality of published papers. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Reviewer's Responsibilities

A reviewer's key duty includes maintaining professionalism and punctuality throughout the review process.
It is essential for reviewers to highlight both positive and negative elements of a manuscript, suggesting areas for improvement.

Addressing Unfair Reviews

Authors who feel their manuscript was evaluated unfairly should reach out directly to the editor to express their concerns.

Conflict of Interest in Reviews

Grant proposal reviewers with conflicts of interest must withdraw from the review process to minimize potential bias.
Reviewers are obligated to disclose any conflicts of interest to the journal editor or grant agency to maintain transparency.

Grant Proposal Review Process

Funding agencies typically utilize committees that comprise external reviewers to evaluate the quality of grant proposals, ensuring a thorough assessment.

Review Types

In single-blind review, the identity of the author is known to the reviewer, contrasting with double-blind review where both identities are concealed.

National Science Foundation Evaluation Criteria

The National Science Foundation (NSF) focuses on two main criteria when evaluating grant proposals:
- Intellectual merits
- Broader impacts

Promoting Ethical Peer Review

Reviewers must safeguard the confidentiality of submissions to uphold ethical standards in the peer review process.

Historical Context of Peer Review

The Royal Society of London established modern peer review practices primarily to manage and enhance the quality of published research outputs.

Description

Prepare for the CITI test with these flashcards that cover key concepts related to reviewing and manuscript evaluation. Each card addresses important responsibilities, ethical considerations, and appropriate actions for authors. Perfect for anyone involved in research and publishing.

CITI Test Flashcards