10 Questions
What is the primary characteristic of cirrhosis?
Extensive accumulation of collagen fibers in response to inflammation
Why do lipophilic drugs and pollutants diffuse readily into hepatocytes?
As a result of close contact facilitated by the fenestrated epithelium of the sinusoid
Why are phalloidin and microcystin considered hepatotoxins?
Because they are substrates for sinusoidal transporters
What is the primary function of phase II enzymes in hepatocytes?
Enhance removal from the body by adding a polar group
Why are phase I enzymes considered crucial in hepatocytes?
Often convert xenobiotics to reactive electrophilic metabolites
What determines whether a reactive metabolite will initiate liver cell injury or be detoxified safely?
Phase I and phase II reactions
Which process causes mitochondrial injury in cases of alcohol abuse?
Accumulation of reactive acetaldehyde metabolite
What facilitates the removal of debris from damaged liver cells by releasing cytotoxic proteases and reactive oxygen species?
Immune responses
Why is the liver often the dominant target site of specific toxins?
Its location between the intestinal tract and the rest of the body
What condition consists of a build-up of lipids in hepatocytes?
Steatosis
Learn about the characteristics and progression of cirrhosis, where hepatic cells are replaced by fibrotic scars leading to irreversible damage. Understand the poor prognosis of cirrhosis, typically caused by repeated exposure to chemical toxins.
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