Circulatory System Quiz
68 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of the systemic circulation?

  • Return deoxygenated blood to the right heart.
  • Exchange nutrients and waste products in the capillaries. (correct)
  • Transport oxygenated blood to the lungs.
  • Pump blood directly to the left ventricle.

    • How does deoxygenated blood return to the heart in pulmonary circulation?

  • From the systemic arteries.
  • Via the superior vena cava.
  • Through the aorta.
  • Using the pulmonary veins. (correct)

    • Which component of the circulatory system is responsible for driving blood flow?

  • The expansion of the systemic veins.
  • The right atrium contracting.
  • The aorta contracting.
  • The contraction of the heart's ventricles. (correct)

    • What distinguishes the pulmonary circulation from the systemic circulation?

    <p>It involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the capillaries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vessels carry oxygenated blood back to the heart?

    <p>Pulmonary veins and systemic veins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is associated specifically with arterial ulcers?

    <p>Pale to black ulcer base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a notable symptom of venous insufficient ulcers?

    <p>Aching and cramping pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following characteristics is true for arterial insufficiency?

    <p>Deep ulcers often involving joint space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT a characteristic of venous ulcers?

    <p>Location on the heel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does skin temperature typically present in arterial insufficiency?

    <p>Cool to cold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary neurotransmitter responsible for vasoconstriction in the peripheral vascular system?

    <p>Norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is produced from the conversion of angiotensin I and is known for its vasoconstricting effects?

    <p>Angiotensin II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physiological response causes vasodilation when sympathetic activity is decreased?

    <p>Decreased norepinephrine release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is primarily responsible for promoting vasodilation in skeletal muscle, the heart, and the brain at lower concentrations?

    <p>Epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which local regulatory factor affects blood flow through changes in local oxygen availability?

    <p>Local pH changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition may arise if there is a high demand for tissue oxygen but reduced blood flow?

    <p>Ischemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following plays a role in arteriolar vasoconstriction and continued platelet aggregation at the injury site?

    <p>Pro-inflammatory cytokines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is often a result of reduced blood flow in peripheral vessels due to vascular diseases?

    <p>Ischemia and tissue death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic symptom of intermittent claudication?

    <p>Pain and discomfort in the extremities that is relieved by rest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition indicates a critical state of arterial insufficiency?

    <p>Rest pain in the forefoot that interferes with sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the location of claudication pain help in diagnosing arterial diseases?

    <p>It can deduce the specific vessel that is diseased</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of an artery's lumen must be obstructed to likely see symptoms of intermittent claudication?

    <p>50% obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physiological change primarily contributes to the pain experienced during intermittent claudication?

    <p>Accumulation of blood metabolites due to ischemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What assessment method is used to monitor the progression of arterial disease in patients?

    <p>Measuring the distance a patient can walk before pain occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which peripheral pulse characteristic is key in diagnosing arterial disorders?

    <p>Quality and symmetry of peripheral pulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common recommendation to improve perfusion to distal tissues for patients with arterial insufficiency?

    <p>Maintaining the extremities in a dependent position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF)?

    <p>Blood accumulation in the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT contribute to arterial damage and obstruction?

    <p>Thermal injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can lead to increased capillary hydrostatic pressure and fluid leakage into the interstitial space?

    <p>Reduced venous flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is associated with peripheral vascular diseases due to ischemia?

    <p>Diminished pulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following would be a consequence of sudden arterial occlusion?

    <p>Irreversible tissue ischemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of heart failure is characterized by preserved left ventricular ejection fraction?

    <p>Diastolic heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complication arises from edema in edematous tissues?

    <p>Tissue breakdown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of circulatory insufficiency does NOT encompass peripheral vascular disease?

    <p>Cardiogenic insufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a Doppler ultrasound device in evaluating blood flow?

    <p>To detect the blood flow by emitting and receiving signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the frequency of the Doppler probe affect its function?

    <p>Lower frequencies allow for detection of blood flow at greater depths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for patients to understand the purpose of diagnostic studies?

    <p>To enhance their compliance with instructions and expectations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information can trends in diagnostic results provide?

    <p>Insights into both disease progression and therapy response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential downside of using a Doppler ultrasound for blood flow detection?

    <p>It cannot provide instantaneous feedback as it takes time to interpret signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the ankle-brachial index (ABI) in the assessment of peripheral pulses?

    <p>It indicates the presence of arterial disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step is crucial after applying the Doppler transducer to identify arterial blood flow?

    <p>Gently angle the Doppler device to locate arterial flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to avoid excessive pressure when using the Doppler ultrasound on severely diseased arteries?

    <p>It risks collapsing the artery being assessed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the factors that can influence the detection of arterial flow during an ABI assessment?

    <p>Presence of collateral circulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred from a progressive decrease in systolic pressure distally in the context of the ABI?

    <p>There may be an arterial stenosis at the involved sites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily determines the amount and direction of fluid movement across the capillary walls?

    <p>The equilibrium between hydrostatic and osmotic forces as well as capillary permeability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition leads to edema due to an imbalance in fluid exchange?

    <p>Damage to capillary walls increasing permeability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors has the most significant impact on vascular resistance?

    <p>Vessel radius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs primarily at the venous end of the capillary regarding fluid exchange?

    <p>Net reabsorption of fluid predominates over hydrostatic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of an elevated venous pressure in relation to fluid exchange?

    <p>Increased hydrostatic pressure pushing more fluid into the tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about capillary permeability is true under normal conditions?

    <p>It remains constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is primarily responsible for creating osmotic pressure that pulls fluid back into the capillary?

    <p>Plasma proteins in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a large increase in hematocrit affect capillary blood flow?

    <p>It increases blood viscosity and reduces flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary significance of inspecting skin color and temperature in physical assessments?

    <p>It aids in diagnosing arterial disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes 'rubor' in skin assessment?

    <p>A reddish-blue discoloration after placing an extremity in a dependent position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complication can arise when palpating pulses in edematous extremities?

    <p>Potential misidentification of pulses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a lack of peripheral pulse suggest about arterial conditions?

    <p>It suggests potential stenosis or occlusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should pulses be palpated for an accurate assessment?

    <p>Both sides should be compared simultaneously for symmetry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might bilateral edema in an extremity indicate?

    <p>Chronically dependent position due to rest pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sign might indicate necrosis due to reduced nutrient supply?

    <p>Brittle nails.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necrosis primarily caused by in the context of arterial disorders?

    <p>Prolonged ischemia or lack of blood flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of exercise testing in patients?

    <p>To determine walking distance and ankle blood pressure response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a normal response of ankle systolic pressure after exercise?

    <p>No change in pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What preparation is required for a patient undergoing abdominal vascular duplex ultrasound?

    <p>Stay NPO for at least 6 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor could disqualify a patient from completing an exercise test?

    <p>Severe orthopedic problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does duplex ultrasonography predominantly use for imaging?

    <p>B-mode grayscale imaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology can help identify vessels during a duplex ultrasound?

    <p>Color flow techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the combination of hemodynamic information and walking time help determine?

    <p>If intervention is necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the modification of exercise testing?

    <p>It may be adjusted based on the patient's condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser