The Cardiovascular System (Anatomy II)

Which type of artery contains extra layers of elastic tissue between the smooth muscles?

During which phase of the cardiac cycle does blood get ejected into the outflow arteries and stretch the elastic tissue?

What is the function of the elastic tissue in the media layer of arteries during diastole?

What is the main function of muscular arteries?

Which type of blood vessels are the smallest arteries at the end of the supply path, just before capillaries for gas exchange?

What is the main function of arterioles?

What is the function of venules?

What is the main function of veins?

What is the histological (post-mortem) structure of veins?

How do deep veins transport blood from the capillaries back into the heart?

Which layer of the blood vessel wall is well developed in arteries but less developed in veins?

Which layer of the blood vessel wall contains smooth muscle that controls the diameter of the lumen?

Which layer of the blood vessel wall is composed of loose fibrous connective tissue with a high content of collagen and variable amount of elastin?

Which large veins do all of the veins of the systemic circuit merge into?

Which arteries supply all arteries of the systemic circuit originate from?

Which layer of the blood vessel wall contains small blood vessels called vasa vasorum that supply blood to the vessel walls?

Which layer of the blood vessel wall is lined by endothelium?

Which layer of the blood vessel wall contains the internal elastic lamina?

Which layer of the blood vessel wall contains lymphatics and autonomic nerves?

Which layer of the blood vessel wall is proportional to both vessel diameter and blood pressure?

Which layer of the blood vessel wall is lined by endothelium?

Which layer of the blood vessel wall contains smooth muscle that controls the diameter of the lumen?

What is the main function of arterioles?

Which layer of the blood vessel wall contains lymphatics and autonomic nerves?

What is the main function of veins?

What causes varicose veins?

True or false: All arteries of the systemic circuit originate from the aorta.

True or false: All of the veins of the systemic circuit merge into two large veins (superior vena cava and inferior vena cava).

True or false: The tunica intima is lined by endothelium, which is a simple squamous epithelium.

True or false: The tunica media of arteries is thicker than that of veins.

True or false: The tunica adventitia (externa) is composed of loose fibrous connective tissue.

True or false: Arterioles are the smallest arteries at the end of the supply path, just before capillaries for gas exchange.

True or false: The thoracic aorta is located in the thoracic cavity.

True or false: The main function of veins is to carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.

True or false: The main function of the elastic tissue in the media layer of arteries is to maintain blood pressure during diastole.

True or false: The main function of muscular arteries is to distribute blood to various parts of the body.

True or false: The media layer of elastic arteries contains extra layers of elastic tissue between the smooth muscles.

True or false: During diastole, the elastic tissue in the media layer of arteries recoils and squeezes blood into the lumen.

True or false: The main function of arteries is to control blood pressure by constricting or dilating.

True or false: Venules are the smallest veins at the start of the collecting system, just after blood leaves the capillary bed.

True or false: Venules have valves to ensure unidirectional flow of blood back towards the heart.

True or false: Veins act as capacitance vessels and have spare capacity due to their large lumen diameter and thin walls.

True or false: Deep veins transport blood from the capillaries back into the heart through the contraction of skeletal muscles and the presence of venous valves.

True or false: Varicose veins occur due to the constriction of veins, which makes the valves leaky.

True or false: The neurovascular bundle is a structure that binds nerves with arteries and veins.

True or false: The tunica intima is the thickest layer of veins and contains two distinct layers of tunica media.

Arteries have a well-developed tunica ______ but veins have a less developed one.

Smooth muscle in the tunica media of blood vessels is controlled by the ______ nervous tone.

The thickness of the tunica media is proportional to both vessel diameter and ______ pressure.

The thoracic aorta is located in the ______ cavity.

Large blood vessels contain small vessels called vasa ______ that supply blood to the vessel walls.

The tunica adventitia is composed of loose ______ connective tissue.

The main function of veins is to carry ______ blood away from the heart.

All arteries of the systemic circuit originate from the ______.

The histological structure of blood vessels includes a three-layered ______.

The tunica intima is lined by ______, which is a simple squamous epithelium.

During diastole, the elastic tissue ______ and squeezes blood into the lumen.

As arteries enter peripheral tissues (e.g. Femoral artery), they branch repeatedly and the branches decrease in diameter - ______ artery

Varicose veins occurs due to dilation and elongation of veins which makes the valves ______.

Neurovascular bundle - structure which binds nerves with artery and ______.

Which type of capillary is the most leaky?

What is the main function of pre-capillary sphincters?

Which layer of the blood vessel wall contains smooth muscle that controls the diameter of the lumen?

Which layer of the blood vessel wall contains the internal elastic lamina?

True or false: The main function of veins is to control blood pressure.

What determines the 'leakiness' of capillaries?

What is the main purpose of the cardiovascular system?

True or false: Total cross-sectional area of capillary bed is greater than that of arterioles.

What is the function of capillaries in the cardiovascular system?

Which type of capillary is most commonly found in skeletal and cardiac muscles?

Which type of capillary allows rapid exchange of water and solutes, including small proteins?

Which type of capillary has a large lumen that can fit 3-4 red blood cells at once?

What is the main function of the lymphatic system?

Where do lacteals drain fat-laden lymph into?

What is the function of lymphatic vessels?

What can happen if there are cancer cells in the lymph nodes draining the breast?

What is the role of the vasa vasorum in the blood vessel wall?

Which layer of the blood vessel wall is well-developed in arteries but less developed in veins?

What is the main function of veins?

What is the main function of arterioles?

True or false: Total cross-sectional area of capillary bed is greater than that of arterioles.

True or false: All arteries of the systemic circuit originate from the aorta.

True or false: The main function of arteries is to transport blood from the capillaries back into the heart.

During diastole, the elastic tissue in the media layer of arteries ______ and squeezes blood into the lumen.

What is the main function of pre-capillary sphincters?

Which type of capillary has an incomplete endothelium with intercellular gaps and allows free exchange of water and solutes, including large proteins?

Which type of blood vessel is deliberately engineered to increase the efficiency of exchange by having red blood cells in a single file against the walls of the capillary?

What is the role of the basement membrane in capillaries?

What is the role of lacteals in the lymphatic system?

Capillaries serve the main purpose of the cardiovascular system.

The walls of capillaries are very thick, minimizing the distance of diffusion for exchange.

The total cross-sectional area of capillary beds is smaller than the total CSA of arterioles.

The number of tight junctions in capillaries determines their 'leakiness'.

Pre-capillary sphincters are found at the start of capillary beds.

Arterioles are called peripheral resistance vessels.

Pre-capillary sphincters are controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system.

Continuous capillaries are the most leaky type of capillary.

Sinusoidal capillaries are the most leaky type of capillary.

Vasoconstriction of pre-capillary sphincters can shunt blood away from the side-branches entering the capillary bed.

Capillaries are deliberately engineered to increase efficiency of exchange by arranging red blood cells in a single file.

Fenestrated capillaries allow rapid exchange of water and solutes, including small proteins.

Sinusoidal capillaries have a large lumen that can fit 3-4 red blood cells at once.

The lymph vascular system is an open-entry drainage system for excess fluid that leaves the blood vascular exchange surfaces.

Lymphatic vessels start at peripheral tissues and end at connections to veins near the right side of the heart.

Lymphatic vessels contain red blood cells.

Metastatic cancer cells can enter the lymph capillaries, lymph nodes, and eventually spread throughout the body.

After surgery to excise a breast tumor, it may be necessary to remove lymph nodes that drain the breast.

The presence of cancer cells in lymph nodes indicates the possibility of metastasis and may require chemotherapy.

Varicose veins occur due to the constriction of veins, which makes the valves leaky.

Fenestrated capillaries allow rapid exchange of water and solutes, including small proteins, through the pores or ______ in the endothelial lining.

Sinusoidal capillaries have wider ______ and an incomplete basement membrane, allowing for the free exchange of water and solutes, including large proteins.

Lymphatic vessels start as large, blind-ending, ______ capillaries called lymphatic capillaries.

Fat-laden lymph from the small intestine drains into a collecting vessel called the ______, turning the lymph from a clear to a white/milky solution.

Lymphatic vessels contain ______ to prevent backflow from the capillary bed to the blood vascular space.

Metastatic cancer cells can enter the porous tips of the ______ and spread throughout the body via the lymphatic system.

Excising the ______ which drains the breast may be necessary if there are cancer cells present, indicating the possibility of metastasis and the need for chemotherapy.