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The circulatory system is split into two circuits to maximize what?
The circulatory system is split into two circuits to maximize what?
The pulmonary circuit carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs and oxygenated blood back to the heart.
The pulmonary circuit carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs and oxygenated blood back to the heart.
True
The systemic circuit carries oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
The systemic circuit carries oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
True
The heart consists of two pumps that are separated by the ___________.
The heart consists of two pumps that are separated by the ___________.
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What are the two chambers that each heart pump contains?
What are the two chambers that each heart pump contains?
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The direction of blood flow is ALWAYS from the atrium to the ventricle.
The direction of blood flow is ALWAYS from the atrium to the ventricle.
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Which of these is NOT a specific type of valve found in the heart?
Which of these is NOT a specific type of valve found in the heart?
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Atrioventricular (AV) valves prevent the backflow of blood from a ventricle into an atrium.
Atrioventricular (AV) valves prevent the backflow of blood from a ventricle into an atrium.
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Semilunar valves prevent the backflow of blood from an artery into a ventricle.
Semilunar valves prevent the backflow of blood from an artery into a ventricle.
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In heart diagrams, the left side of the heart is actually on the right, and the right side of the heart is on the left.
In heart diagrams, the left side of the heart is actually on the right, and the right side of the heart is on the left.
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What is the purpose of the right pump in the heart?
What is the purpose of the right pump in the heart?
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What are the two vessels that carry deoxygenated blood to the right atrium?
What are the two vessels that carry deoxygenated blood to the right atrium?
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What is the name of the valve between the right atrium and right ventricle?
What is the name of the valve between the right atrium and right ventricle?
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Blood is pumped from the right ventricle into the pulmonary arteries.
Blood is pumped from the right ventricle into the pulmonary arteries.
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What is the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle?
What is the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle?
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Blood is pumped from the left ventricle into the aorta.
Blood is pumped from the left ventricle into the aorta.
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What is the purpose of the coronary pathway?
What is the purpose of the coronary pathway?
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The heart can stop to rest if blood flow is cut off in the coronary arteries.
The heart can stop to rest if blood flow is cut off in the coronary arteries.
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What type of muscle tissue is found in the heart?
What type of muscle tissue is found in the heart?
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Cardiac muscle is a type of myogenic muscle, which means it contracts only when stimulated by external nerve impulses.
Cardiac muscle is a type of myogenic muscle, which means it contracts only when stimulated by external nerve impulses.
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The heart will still continue to beat if removed from the body.
The heart will still continue to beat if removed from the body.
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What is the name of the bundle of specialized nerves in the upper right atrium that sets the tempo of the heart?
What is the name of the bundle of specialized nerves in the upper right atrium that sets the tempo of the heart?
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What is the function of the atrioventricular (AV) node?
What is the function of the atrioventricular (AV) node?
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The AV node delays the impulse for a split second so that the ventricles contract before the atria.
The AV node delays the impulse for a split second so that the ventricles contract before the atria.
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What is the function of the Purkinje fibers?
What is the function of the Purkinje fibers?
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Electrocardiograms are used to record the chemical activity of the heart.
Electrocardiograms are used to record the chemical activity of the heart.
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Which part of the ECG represents the contraction of the atria?
Which part of the ECG represents the contraction of the atria?
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Which part of the ECG represents the contraction of the ventricles?
Which part of the ECG represents the contraction of the ventricles?
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Which part of the ECG represents the relaxation phase of the ventricles?
Which part of the ECG represents the relaxation phase of the ventricles?
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The rate of heartbeat is influenced by the nervous system.
The rate of heartbeat is influenced by the nervous system.
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Which nervous system prepares the body for stress and increases heart rate?
Which nervous system prepares the body for stress and increases heart rate?
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Which nervous system returns the body to resting levels after stress?
Which nervous system returns the body to resting levels after stress?
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The 'lub-dub' sound of the heart is caused by the closing of the valves.
The 'lub-dub' sound of the heart is caused by the closing of the valves.
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The 'lub' sound of the heart is produced by the closing of the semilunar valves.
The 'lub' sound of the heart is produced by the closing of the semilunar valves.
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The 'dub' sound of the heart is produced by the closing of the AV valves.
The 'dub' sound of the heart is produced by the closing of the AV valves.
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Study Notes
Circulatory System Part 2: The Heart
- The heart is composed of two pumps separated by the septum.
- Each pump has two chambers: an atrium and a ventricle.
- Blood always flows from the atrium to the ventricle.
- The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body (superior and inferior vena cava).
- The right ventricle pumps this deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary artery.
- The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.
- The left ventricle pumps this oxygenated blood to the body via the aorta.
- Valves (tricuspid, bicuspid/mitral, and semilunar) prevent backflow of blood.
- Atrioventricular (AV) valves prevent backflow from the ventricles to the atria.
- Semilunar valves prevent backflow from the arteries to the ventricles.
- Red text indicates oxygenated blood; blue text indicates deoxygenated blood.
- The pulmonary circuit carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs and oxygenated blood back to the heart.
- The systemic circuit carries oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
- The heart's muscle is called cardiac muscle, a type of myogenic muscle that contracts without external nerve stimulation.
- The sinoatrial (SA) node is the heart's pacemaker, setting the heart's tempo. It's a bundle of specialized nerves in the upper right atrium.
- The atrioventricular (AV) node delays the impulse from the SA node, allowing the atria to contract before the ventricles.
- Purkinje fibers carry the nerve signal to the ventricles, causing them to contract.
- The coronary pathway supplies oxygen to the heart muscle. Blockage can lead to a heart attack.
- Diagrams of the heart are typically viewed from the front, meaning the left side of the heart is on the right of the diagram.
Lesson 9 Goals
- Definitions: Includes terms such as pulmonary system, systemic system, septum, atria, ventricle, vena cava, valves (tricuspid, semilunar, bicuspid), aorta, coronary pathway, heart attack, myogenic muscle, SA node, AV node, Purkinje fibers, sympathetic nervous system, and parasympathetic nervous system.
- Curriculum: Outlines learning objectives, including identifying heart structures, blood vessels, and the action of the heart.
Blood Flow Summary
- Blood flow through the heart is summarized in a simplified diagram illustrating the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
- These circuits take blood around the body (systemic) and to the lungs (pulmonary).
Electrocardiograms (ECG/EKG)
- ECGs record the electrical activity of the heart.
- Key components include the P wave (atrial contraction), QRS complex (ventricular contraction), and T wave (ventricular relaxation).
- The graphic representation of the electrical activity of the heart.
Setting the Heart's Tempo
- Heart rate is regulated by the autonomic (involuntary) nervous system, which has two parts:
- Sympathetic nervous system: Prepares the body for stress; increases heart rate
- Parasympathetic nervous system: Returns the body to resting levels after stress; decreases heart rate
What Part of the Heart Makes the "Lub-Dub" Noise?
- The "lub-dub" sound is caused by the closing of heart valves.
- "Lub" is produced by the closing of the AV valves when the ventricles contract.
- "Dub" is produced by the closing of the semilunar valves when the ventricles relax
- These are important sounds for a healthy heart.
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Description
Explore the anatomy and function of the heart in this quiz. Learn about the chambers, blood flow, and the critical role of valves in maintaining circulation. Test your knowledge about the heart's structure and its importance in the circulatory system.
