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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
To transport oxygen and nutrients to cells and tissues, and to remove waste products.
What are the four chambers of the heart?
Left and right atria, and left and right ventricles.
What is the main difference between arteries and veins?
Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, while veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
What are the three main components of blood?
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What is the fifth step in the blood circulation pathway?
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What system regulates blood pressure?
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Which of the following is a function of the circulatory system that is not directly related to the transport of oxygen or nutrients?
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What is the primary function of the capillaries in the circulatory system?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of the circulatory system?
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What is the main difference between pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation?
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Which hormone helps to regulate blood pressure by stimulating the kidneys to retain more water?
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What is the liquid portion of blood that carries proteins, nutrients, and waste products?
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Which of the following blood cells is responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the tissues?
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What is the term for the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest?
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Which of the following is a function of the coronary circulation?
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What is the term for the process by which blood clots and stops bleeding?
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Study Notes
Overview
The circulatory system, also known as the cardiovascular system, is a complex network of organs and vessels that transport blood throughout the body.
Functions
- Transports oxygen and nutrients to cells and tissues
- Removes waste products, such as carbon dioxide, from cells and tissues
- Regulates body temperature
- Maintains blood pressure
- Supports immune function
Components
Heart
- Central organ that pumps blood throughout the body
- Divided into four chambers: left and right atria, left and right ventricles
Blood Vessels
- Arteries: carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
- Veins: carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart
- Capillaries: tiny vessels where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged for waste products
Blood
- Liquid tissue that transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste products
- Composed of:
- Plasma (liquid portion)
- Red blood cells (carry oxygen)
- White blood cells (part of immune system)
- Platelets (involved in blood clotting)
Blood Circulation Pathway
- Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart through veins
- Blood is pumped from the heart into the lungs to pick up oxygen
- Oxygen-rich blood is pumped from the heart to the rest of the body
- Oxygen is exchanged for waste products in capillaries
- Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart through veins
Regulation
- Blood pressure is regulated by the autonomic nervous system
- Heart rate is influenced by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
Circulatory System Overview
- Also known as the cardiovascular system
- Complex network of organs and vessels that transport blood throughout the body
Functions
- Transports oxygen and nutrients to cells and tissues
- Removes waste products, such as carbon dioxide, from cells and tissues
- Regulates body temperature
- Maintains blood pressure
- Supports immune function
Components
Heart
- Central organ that pumps blood throughout the body
- Divided into four chambers: left and right atria, left and right ventricles
Blood Vessels
- Arteries: carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
- Veins: carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart
- Capillaries: tiny vessels where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged for waste products
Blood
- Liquid tissue that transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste products
- Composed of: plasma (liquid portion), red blood cells (carry oxygen), white blood cells (part of immune system), and platelets (involved in blood clotting)
Blood Circulation Pathway
- Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart through veins
- Blood is pumped from the heart into the lungs to pick up oxygen
- Oxygen-rich blood is pumped from the heart to the rest of the body
- Oxygen is exchanged for waste products in capillaries
- Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart through veins
Regulation
- Blood pressure is regulated by the autonomic nervous system
- Heart rate is influenced by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
Overview of Circulatory System
- The circulatory system, also known as the cardiovascular system, is a network of organs and vessels that transport blood throughout the body.
Functions of Circulatory System
- Transports oxygen and nutrients from the lungs and digestive system to the body's tissues.
- Transports waste products from the tissues to the lungs, kidneys, and liver for excretion.
- Regulates body temperature.
- Maintains healthy blood pressure.
Components of Circulatory System
Heart
- A muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.
Blood Vessels
- Arteries: carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.
- Veins: carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
- Capillaries: tiny blood vessels where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged with the tissues.
Blood
- A liquid tissue that transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste products.
Blood Circulation
Pulmonary Circulation
- Blood flow from the heart to the lungs to pick up oxygen and release carbon dioxide.
Systemic Circulation
- Blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients.
Coronary Circulation
- Blood flow to the heart itself to supply oxygen and nutrients.
Blood Pressure
- Systolic pressure: the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats.
- Diastolic pressure: the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest.
- Blood pressure is regulated by the autonomic nervous system and hormones such as aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone.
Blood Composition
- Plasma: the liquid portion of blood that carries proteins, nutrients, and waste products.
- Red blood cells: cells that carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues.
- White blood cells: cells that fight infection and disease.
- Platelets: cells that help blood to clot and stop bleeding.
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Description
Discover the functions and components of the circulatory system, also known as the cardiovascular system, and how it transports blood throughout the body.
