6 Questions
What is the primary function of the heart?
To pump blood throughout the body
What are the three main types of blood vessels?
Arteries, veins, and capillaries
What is the liquid portion of blood?
Plasma
What regulates heart rate and blood pressure?
Autonomic nervous system
What is the pathway of blood circulation?
Heart → lungs → body
What is the function of capillaries?
To allow for exchange of oxygen and nutrients with cells
Study Notes
Circulatory System
Overview
- Also known as the cardiovascular system
- Responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells and removing waste products
- Consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood
Heart
- Location: Thoracic cavity, between the lungs
-
Functions:
- Pumps blood throughout the body
- Regulates blood pressure
-
Structure:
- Four chambers: left and right atria, left and right ventricles
- Septum separates the left and right sides
- Valves prevent backflow of blood
Blood Vessels
-
Types:
- Arteries: carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
- Veins: carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart
- Capillaries: allow for exchange of oxygen and nutrients with cells
-
Structure:
- Arteries: thick walls, narrow lumen
- Veins: thinner walls, wider lumen
- Capillaries: thin walls, narrow lumen
Blood
-
Components:
- Plasma: liquid portion (55%)
- Formed elements: red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
-
Functions:
- Transports oxygen and nutrients to cells
- Removes waste products from cells
- Regulates pH and body temperature
Blood Circulation
-
Pathway:
- Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart through the superior and inferior vena cavae
- Blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs to pick up oxygen
- Oxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to the rest of the body
-
Regulation:
- Heart rate and blood pressure are regulated by the autonomic nervous system
- Blood flow is regulated by vasodilation and vasoconstriction
Circulatory System
- Also known as the cardiovascular system
- Responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells and removing waste products
- Consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood
Heart
- Located in the thoracic cavity, between the lungs
- Pumps blood throughout the body
- Regulates blood pressure
- Has four chambers: left and right atria, left and right ventricles
- Septum separates the left and right sides
- Valves prevent backflow of blood
Blood Vessels
- Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
- Veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart
- Capillaries allow for exchange of oxygen and nutrients with cells
- Arteries have thick walls and narrow lumen
- Veins have thinner walls and wider lumen
- Capillaries have thin walls and narrow lumen
Blood
- Consists of 55% plasma (liquid portion) and 45% formed elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets)
- Transports oxygen and nutrients to cells
- Removes waste products from cells
- Regulates pH and body temperature
Blood Circulation
- Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart through the superior and inferior vena cavae
- Blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs to pick up oxygen
- Oxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to the rest of the body
- Heart rate and blood pressure are regulated by the autonomic nervous system
- Blood flow is regulated by vasodilation and vasoconstriction
Discover the functions and structure of the heart and blood vessels, and learn how they work together to transport oxygen and nutrients to cells and remove waste products.
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