30 Questions
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
To transport oxygen and nutrients to cells
What would happen if oxygen and nutrients aren't transported to cells?
The cells may die or become damaged
What is the function of the atria in the heart?
To collect blood returning to the heart from the rest of the body
What is the main problem that may result if the circulatory system is not functioning properly?
Many problems may result
What is transported to the periphery to be dissipated in the external environment?
Core heat
What is the path of blood flow through the heart?
Right aorta → tricuspid valve → right ventricle → lungs
Which of the following factors affects blood pressure through adjusting sodium and water excretion?
Kidneys
What is the primary function of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in relation to blood pressure regulation?
To adjust blood volume and vessel constriction
Which of the following is a soft risk factor for heart disease?
Stress
A person with a waist circumference of 38 inches is at a higher risk of developing hypertension due to?
Centrally located fat
What is the primary focus in Stage 1 of hypertension management?
Lifestyle modifications
Which of the following lifestyle changes can help reduce blood pressure?
Increasing potassium intake
What is the main function of the arteries in the circulatory system?
To carry blood to tissues for tissue perfusion
What is the primary component of the middle layer of blood vessels?
Smooth muscle
What is the term for the resistance that blood encounters as it is pumped through vessels?
Peripheral vascular resistance
What is the role of endothelial cells in the inner layer of blood vessels?
To provide a smooth, slippery surface to prevent platelet adherence and blood clotting
What is the purpose of antihypertensive medications in Stage 2 of hypertension management?
To focus on one of the aspects that affect blood pressure, such as heart rate or cardiac contractility
What is the role of cholesterol in the body?
As an essential component of cell membranes and steroid hormones
What is the primary reason for high blood lipid levels in individuals with diabetes mellitus?
The inability of glucose to enter cells causes the breakdown of fat, leading to high blood lipid levels
What is the main goal for LDL cholesterol levels?
<100 mg/dL
What is the term for the hardening of arteries?
Arteriosclerosis
What happens to LDL cholesterol in the process of atherosclerosis?
It is deposited under the endothelium and digested by macrophages
What is the result of lesions developing in the artery?
The endothelial layer is damaged and attracts platelets
What is the risk of atherosclerosis?
Stroke and kidney damage
What is the main reason for heart attacks and strokes?
Blockage in arteries
What determines the symptoms of arterial blockage?
Location of the blockage
What is the term for poor blood flow that can lead to tissue damage?
Ischemia
What is the term for permanent damage due to lack of oxygen and blood flow?
Infarction
What is the term for the circulation of blood in certain tissues where there are little connecting channels?
Collateral circulation
What is the goal of lifestyle modifications in managing arterial blockage?
To control diet and lower cholesterol
Learn about the normal physiology of the circulatory system, its components, and potential problems. Understand the heart's role in pumping blood and the functions of blood vessels and blood in transporting oxygen and nutrients.
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