Circulatory Failure Overview

A condition where the heart's ability to pump blood effectively is compromised, leading to inadequate blood flow to the body's tissues.

A condition where the heart's ability to pump blood effectively is impaired, leading to inadequate blood flow to the body's tissues.

The ability of vascular muscles to contract in response to vasomotor nerve influences. It's a phylogenetically young and fast-acting mechanism, responding to sympathetic alpha-adrenergic influences.

The intrinsic ability of smooth muscle cells in vascular walls to exhibit spontaneous activity and propagate excitation. This maintains vascular wall tension even in the absence of external influences.

A decrease in arterial pressure.

A decrease in vascular tone.

A chronic condition characterized by persistent increase in arteriolar tone, leading to elevated blood pressure.

A condition where hypertension is a symptom of another underlying disease.

A chronic inflammatory disease of large and medium arteries characterized by thickening of the inner layer due to lipid deposits, fibrous tissue formation, and subsequent narrowing of the vessel lumen.

The process of lipid accumulation in the intima of arteries, leading to the formation of atheromatous plaques.

A type of respiratory failure where the body's ability to maintain normal gas composition in arterial blood is impaired.

Reduced partial pressure of oxygen (pO₂) in arterial blood.

Increased partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO₂) in arterial blood.

A type of respiratory insufficiency that involves a disturbance in the mechanics of breathing, making it difficult to move air in and out of the lungs.

A type of respiratory insufficiency that involves problems with the diffusion of gases across the alveolar-capillary membrane, preventing proper gas exchange.

A type of respiratory insufficiency that involves problems with blood flow to the lungs, reducing the amount of gas exchange that can occur.

Breathing with difficulty during the expiratory phase.

Breathing with difficulty during the inspiratory phase.

Breathing with a high-pitched whistling sound, often associated with obstruction of the upper airway.

Frequent, shallow breathing.

Rare, deep breathing.

A type of respiratory insufficiency where the lungs are stiff and don't expand enough during breathing.

A type of respiratory insufficiency where airways are narrowed or blocked, making it difficult to move air in and out of the lungs.

A feeling of air hunger accompanied by changes in breathing patterns.

Rapid breathing with an altered ratio between inhalation and exhalation, often associated with respiratory distress.

A type of periodic breathing characterized by alternating apnea with breathing movements that gradually increase in depth and then decrease.

An acute or subacute condition of significant hypoxemia and hypercapnia, often caused by obstruction or inadequate ventilation, resulting in a life-threatening condition.

A severe complication of respiratory insufficiency characterized by widespread damage to lung capillaries and alveolocytes, leading to severe hypoxemia and respiratory failure.

Lack of appetite.

Excessively increased appetite.

Chewing disorder.

Difficulty swallowing.

Reduced stomach acidity.

Complete absence of hydrochloric acid and enzymes in gastric juice.

Increased hydrochloric acid production by gastric parietal cells.

A complex and multifaceted condition characterized by impaired digestion and absorption of essential nutrients.

A condition that involves multiple and severe symptoms related to impaired pancreatic function, including steatorrhea, loss of appetite, and weight loss.

A condition characterized by a decrease in intestinal peristalsis (wave-like muscle contractions that propel food through the digestive tract), resulting in slowed movement of food through the intestines, leading to constipation.

A condition characterized by an increase in intestinal peristalsis, often leading to frequent and watery stools.