Circulatory Disorders: Edema Causes and Classification

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What is the main characteristic of pitting edema?

It is caused by acute inflammation

It is non-pitting

It is generalized (correct)

It is associated with lymphatic obstruction

Which condition leads to hyperemia due to arteriolar dilatation?

Obstructed venous flow

Sudden right-sided heart failure

Muscle exercise (correct)

Acute inflammation

What is the main cause of congestion?

Muscle exercise

Obstructed venous flow (correct)

Sudden right-sided heart failure

Acute inflammation

Which condition leads to localized, non-pitting edema?

Lymphatic obstruction Signup and view all the answers

What leads to generalized, pitting edema?

Increased vascular hydrostatic pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of hemorrhage as described in the text?

Spontaneous destruction of vessel wall or diseases of vascular wall Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hemorrhage is characterized by accumulation of blood within tissues?

Interstitial hemorrhage Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of chronic external blood loss as described in the text?

Iron deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What are the three components of Virchow's triad, which are considered in the pathogenesis of thrombosis?

Roughness of the intima, slowing of blood flow, changes in composition of blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of embolism as per the text?

Circulation of insoluble material and its impaction in a narrow blood vessel. Signup and view all the answers

What does the science of pathology primarily deal with?

Study of diseases Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to factors that help in the development of a disease?

Predisposing factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the main distinction between predisposing and exciting factors?

Predisposing factors cause lesions, while exciting factors help in disease development. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of factors are responsible for increased susceptibility to certain diseases?

Predisposing factors Signup and view all the answers

What do etiological factors primarily encompass?

Environmental and acquired factors Signup and view all the answers

What do endogenous factors mainly involve?

Internal factors within the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of pathogenesis in the context of the text?

The mechanisms by which the causative agent produces the pathological changes in the tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a biopsy in histopathology?

To study a specimen from the lesion during life Signup and view all the answers

What are the genes damaged in one of three classes with roles regulating the cell cycle, as described in the text?

Tumour suppressor genes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2) as described in the text?

To repair DNA damage Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of prognosis in relation to a disease?

The forecast of the course and termination of a disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of an autopsy as described in the text?

To conduct a post-mortem examination of the cadaver Signup and view all the answers

What do Tumour suppressor genes regulate within cells?

$Cell cycle$ Signup and view all the answers

What do microRNAs (miRNA) have a role in regulating within cells?

$Cell cycle$ Signup and view all the answers

What type of pathological investigations involves studying a specimen from a lesion during life?

$Biopsy$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of fixative fluid in histopathology?

To prevent autolysis of materials obtained during post-mortem examination Signup and view all the answers

Circulatory Disorders: Edema Causes and Classification

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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of pitting edema?

Which condition leads to hyperemia due to arteriolar dilatation?

What is the main cause of congestion?

Which condition leads to localized, non-pitting edema?

What leads to generalized, pitting edema?

What is the cause of hemorrhage as described in the text?

Which type of hemorrhage is characterized by accumulation of blood within tissues?

What is the main effect of chronic external blood loss as described in the text?

What are the three components of Virchow's triad, which are considered in the pathogenesis of thrombosis?

What is the definition of embolism as per the text?

What does the science of pathology primarily deal with?

Which term refers to factors that help in the development of a disease?

What is the main distinction between predisposing and exciting factors?

Which type of factors are responsible for increased susceptibility to certain diseases?

What do etiological factors primarily encompass?

What do endogenous factors mainly involve?

What is the meaning of pathogenesis in the context of the text?

What is the main purpose of a biopsy in histopathology?

What are the genes damaged in one of three classes with roles regulating the cell cycle, as described in the text?

What is the main function of mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2) as described in the text?

What is the definition of prognosis in relation to a disease?

What is the primary purpose of an autopsy as described in the text?

What do Tumour suppressor genes regulate within cells?

What do microRNAs (miRNA) have a role in regulating within cells?

What type of pathological investigations involves studying a specimen from a lesion during life?

What is the main purpose of fixative fluid in histopathology?

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