Circular Motion and Centripetal Force
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following diagrams shows the instantaneous velocity v and centripetal force F for an object in uniform circular motion?

  • Diagram B
  • Diagram A (correct)
  • Diagram D
  • Diagram C

A 1.2 m long pendulum reaches a speed of 4.0 m/s at the bottom of its swing. What is the tension in the string at this position?

  • 29 N
  • 69 N
  • 40 N (correct)
  • 11 N

A 1200 kg car rounds a flat circular section of road at 20 m/s. The radius is 85 m and the coefficient of friction between the car tires and the road surface is 0.65. What minimum friction force is required for the car to follow this curve?

  • 5.6 × 103 N (correct)
  • 1.2 × 104 N
  • 7.6 × 103 N
  • 3.7 × 103 N

A 65 kg student is in a car travelling at 25 m/s on a hill of radius 110 m. When the car is at the top of the hill, what upward force does the seat exert on the student?

<p>270 N (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An object attached to a rotating table is moving in a circular path with a constant speed. Which is the correct free body diagram for the object?

<p>Diagram C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An object travels with a constant speed in a circular path. The net force on the object is:

<p>towards the centre (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A car moving in a circular path with a constant speed has:

<p>centripetal acceleration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person is moving at constant speed in a vertical circular path. Which is the correct free body diagram for the person while passing through the lowest point?

<p>Diagram A (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 61 kg skateboarder is moving down a ramp with a 7.0 m radius of curvature. At the bottom of this ramp he reaches a speed of 7.8 m/s. What upward force acts on the skateboarder at the bottom of the ramp?

<p>1.1× 103 N (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 9.0 × 10-3 kg ball is attached to a 3.6 × 10-2 kg mass M by a string that passes through a hole in a horizontal frictionless surface. The ball travels in a circular path of radius 0.35 m. What is the speed of the ball?

<p>3.7 m/s (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hans, whose mass is 50 kg, rides on a ferris wheel in a circular path at constant speed. When he is at the top of the wheel, the seat exerts an upward force of 420 N on Hans. What is the centripetal force on Hans at the top of the wheel?

<p>70 N (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 1.2 kg mass on the end of a string is rotated in a vertical circle of radius 0.85 m. If the speed of the mass at the top of the circle is 3.6 m/s, what is the tension in the string at this location?

<p>30 N (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An object of mass m is on a horizontal rotating platform. The mass is located 0.22 m from the axle and makes one revolution every 0.74 s. The friction force needed to keep the mass from sliding is 13 N. What is the object's mass?

<p>2.7 kg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A bus of weight g is moving at a constant speed over a hill and dip that have the same radius of curvature. When the bus is passing over the crest of the hill, the road exerts a normal force on the bus equal to three quarters of the bus's weight (3/4 Fg). What is the normal force the road exerts on the bus when the bus is passing through the bottom of the dip?

<p>5/4 Fg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A child is riding on a merry-go-round which is rotating at a constant rate. Which of the following describes the child's speed, velocity, and magnitude of acceleration?

<p>constant, changing, constant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 3.5 kg object is suspended by a string and moves in a horizontal circle of radius 0.60 m. The tension in the string is 36 N. What is the magnitude of the net force on the object?

<p>33.9 N</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 3.5 kg object is suspended by a string and moves in a horizontal circle of radius 0.60 m. The tension in the string is 36 N. What is the period of revolution of the object?

<p>1.05 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Instantaneous Velocity in Circular Motion

The velocity of an object at a specific point in its circular path.

Centripetal Force

A force that acts on an object moving in a circular path, directed towards the center.

Pendulum Tension

The force in a pendulum string when at the lowest point of the swing.

Friction Force in Circular Motion

The minimum force required for a vehicle to navigate a curve without sliding.

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Net Force in Circular Motion

The total force acting on an object that causes it to move in a circular path.

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Upward Force at Hill's Top

The force exerted by a car seat on a passenger at the top of a hill.

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Object's Acceleration in Circles

Acceleration of an object moving with constant speed in a circular path is directed towards the center.

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Vertical Circular Path Forces

The forces acting on an object at the lowest point of a vertical circle.

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Speed in Circular Motion

Constant speed refers to an object moving at the same pace in a circular path.

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Mass and Force

The relationship between mass and force needed to keep an object moving in a circular path.

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Normal Force at Bottom of Dip

The force acting on an object at the bottom of a dip, felt as weight plus extra force.

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Rotating Object Acceleration

The child's acceleration changes when rotating at constant speed on a device.

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Short String Rotation

An object attached to a string moving in a horizontal circular path experiences tension.

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Centripetal Force and Weight

At the top of a Ferris wheel, centripetal force is the result of the weight and normal force acting together.

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Speed in Vertical Circles

The speed of an object in a vertical circle changes based on position due to gravity.

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Mass and Friction

The mass of an object determines the friction force needed to keep it from sliding off a rotating platform.

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Tension vs Velocity in Circles

The relationship between tension in a string and the speed of mass in vertical circular motion.

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Tension in Vertical Circles

The force within a string in a circular motion varies based on position in motion.

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Uniform Circular Motion

Motion in a circular path at a constant speed; velocity changes due to direction change.

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Free Body Diagram

A graphical representation of forces acting on an object in circular motion.

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Skateboarder's Speed at Ramp Bottom

The speed of a skateboarder impacts the force experienced at the ramp's bottom.

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Period of Revolution

The time taken for one full rotation of an object in circular motion.

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Car's Required Friction

The required force to enable a car to maintain a circular path at a specified speed.

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Hill vs Dip Normal Force

Comparative forces experienced by a vehicle on hills versus dips due to circular motion.

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Centripetal vs Tangential Acceleration

Understanding the difference between inward force (centripetal) and the direction of movement (tangential).

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Skating Dynamics

The dynamics of a skateboarder's mass change when moving through a curve.

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Force Concepts in Rotational Motion

Application of Newton's laws in understanding forces in rotational dynamics.

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Vertical Circular Motion Forces

Forces acting on objects while moving through a vertical circular path.

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Momentum in Circular Motion

The measure of motion of an object in circular path affected by its mass and speed.

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Relationship Between Speed and Radius

Lower radius while maintaining speed increases acceleration and force requirements.

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Angular Velocity

The rate of rotation of an object moving in a circular path; related to period and radius.

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Study Notes

Circular Motion Practice Quiz

  • Question 1: Choose the diagram correctly showing instantaneous velocity (v) and centripetal force (F) during uniform circular motion.

Pendulum Problems

  • Question 2: A 1.2-meter pendulum reaches 4.0 m/s at its swing's bottom. Find the string tension. Answer: 40 N

Circular Motion (Car)

  • Question 3: A 1200 kg car travels at 20 m/s on a flat circular road (radius 85 m). The friction coefficient is 0.65. Calculate the needed minimum friction force to maintain the turn. Answer: 7.6 × 10³ N

Forces on a Student in a Car

  • Question 4: A 65 kg student in a car (25 m/s, 110 m radius) at the top of a hill, determine the upward force the seat exerts on the student. Answer: 370 N

Rotating Object's Free Body Diagram

  • Question 5: An object rotating at constant speed on a turntable. Draw the correct free body diagram. (Diagram needed)

Circular Motion Net Force

  • Question 6: What's the net force on an object moving at a constant speed in a circular path? Answer: Towards the center

Constant Speed Circular Motion Acceleration

  • Question 7: A car moving in a circular path at constant speed has what type of acceleration? Answer: Centripetal acceleration

Vertical Circular Path

  • Question 8: A person moving at constant speed in a vertical circular path. What's the free-body diagram at the lowest point? (Diagram needed)

Skateboarder on a Ramp

  • Question 9: A 61 kg skateboarder on a 7.0 m radius ramp reaches 7.8 m/s at the bottom. Calculate the upward force acting on the skateboarder. Answer: 6.0 × 10² N

Ball on String (Horizontal Circle)

  • Question 10: A 9.0 × 10³ kg ball on a 3.6 × 10⁻² kg mass M, rotating in a 0.35 m radius horizontal circle. Determine the ball's speed. Answer: 1.9 m/s

Ferris Wheel (Centripetal Force)

  • Question 11: A 50 kg person on a Ferris wheel at the top experiences a 420 N upward force from the seat. Calculate the centripetal force on the person. Answer: 490 N

Rotating Mass in Vertical Circle

  • Question 12: A 1.2 kg mass on a string rotates in a 0.85 m radius vertical circle. If the speed at the top is 3.6 m/s, calculate the string's tension. Answer: 6.5 N

Rotating Object on a Platform

  • Question 13: An object with mass 'm' rotates on a platform. The object is 0.22 m from the axis, completing one revolution in 0.74 s. A 13 N friction force is needed to stop it from slipping. Calculate the object's mass. Answer: 1.3 kg

Constant Speed Bus on Hill/Dip

  • Question 14: A bus moving at constant speed over a hill and dip with the same radius of curvature. If the normal force on the crest is 3/4 of the weight, calculate the normal force at the bottom of the dip. Answer: 7/4 F (where F is the bus's weight).

Merry-Go-Round Acceleration

  • Question 15: A child on a merry-go-round that's rotating at a constant rate. Determine the speed, velocity and magnitude of acceleration. (Table)

Object in Horizontal Circle

  • Question 16: A 3.5 kg object on a 0.60 m radius horizontal circle, with a 36 N tension string. Calculate the net force & the period of revolution. (Equation required)

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Description

Test your understanding of circular motion concepts. This quiz covers centripetal force, pendulum motion, friction in circular motion, and forces in rotating systems. Includes calculations and free body diagrams.

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