Circuit Theory Quiz

Definition: Study of electrical circuits, focusing on the relationship between voltage, current, resistance, and power.
Ohm’s Law:
- V = I × R
- Where V = voltage (volts), I = current (amperes), R = resistance (ohms).
Circuit Elements:
- Resistors: Limit current flow; measured in ohms.
- Capacitors: Store electrical energy; measured in farads.
- Inductors: Store energy in a magnetic field; measured in henries.
Types of Circuits:
- Series Circuit: All components connected in a single path; same current flows through each component.
- Parallel Circuit: Components connected across the same voltage source; same voltage across each component, but current may vary.
Kirchhoff’s Laws:
- KCL (Current Law): Sum of currents entering a junction equals the sum of currents leaving.
- KVL (Voltage Law): Sum of voltage drops in a closed loop equals the sum of voltage sources.
Power in Circuits:
- P = V × I
- Measured in watts.

Definition: A circuit where current flows in one direction only; typically powered by batteries or DC power supplies.
Components:
- Power source (e.g., battery), resistors, switches, and loads (e.g., lamps).
Analysis Techniques:
- Node Voltage Method: Solving circuits by defining node voltages.
- Mesh Current Method: Solving using mesh currents, applying KVL.
Thevenin’s Theorem:
- Any linear network can be simplified to a single voltage source and series resistance.
Norton’s Theorem:
- Any linear circuit can be simplified to a single current source in parallel with a resistance.
Steady State Analysis:
- Focus on circuits after transients have decayed, using DC values for voltage and current.
Examples of DC Circuits:
- Simple resistor networks, applications like LED circuits, and battery-powered devices.
Safety Considerations:
- Proper insulation, avoiding overloads, and understanding circuit ratings are essential for safe operation.

Definition: The study of electrical circuits, focusing on the relationship between voltage, current, resistance, and power.
Ohm's Law: Defines the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance.
- V = I × R, where V is voltage in volts (V), I is current in amperes (A), and R is resistance in Ohms (Ω).
Circuit Elements: Components found in electrical circuits, each with unique characteristics.
- Resistors: Limit current flow and are measured in ohms (Ω).
- Capacitors: Store electrical energy and are measured in farads (F).
- Inductors: Store energy in a magnetic field and are measured in henries (H).
Types of Circuits: Different configurations impacting how elements interact.
- Series Circuit: All components are connected in a single path, with the same current flowing through each.
- Parallel Circuit: Components are connected across the same voltage source. Each component experiences the same voltage, but current can vary.
Kirchhoff's Laws: Fundamental laws governing circuit analysis.
- Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL): The sum of currents entering a junction equals the sum of currents leaving.
- Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL): The sum of voltage drops in a closed loop equals the sum of voltage sources.
Power in Circuits: Measured in watts (W), represents the rate of energy transfer.
- P = V × I, Power (P) equals voltage (V) multiplied by current (I).

Definition: Current flows in one direction only, usually powered by batteries or DC power supplies.
Components: Essential elements found in DC circuits.
- Power source (e.g. battery), resistors, switches, and loads (e.g., lamps).
Analysis Techniques: Methods used to understand DC circuit behaviour.
- Node Voltage Method: Solves for the voltage at each node in the circuit.
- Mesh Current Method: Solves using mesh currents and applying Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL).
Thevenin's Theorem: Simplifies any linear network to a single voltage source and a series resistance.
Norton's Theorem: Simplifies any linear circuit to a single current source in parallel with a resistance.
Steady State Analysis: Focuses on circuit behavior after transient effects have decayed, using DC values for voltage and current.
Examples: Demonstrates how DC circuits are employed in various applications.
- Simple resistor networks, LED circuits, and battery-powered devices.
Safety Considerations: Essential for safe operation.
- Proper insulation, avoiding overloads, and understanding circuit ratings.