40 Questions
Which intercellular adhesion structure is responsible for mediating communication between cells?
Gap junctions
Which proteins form hexameric complexes called connexons in gap junctions?
Connexins
Which type of junction firmly anchors a cell to its neighbors?
Adherent junctions
What is the main function of basement membranes in epithelial tissues?
Provide structural support
Which type of junction ensures that molecules cross through a transcellular path and not a paracellular path?
Tight junctions
What do desmosomes mainly contain that are members of the cadherin family?
Desmoglein and desmocollin
Which specific proteins act as anchoring proteins on the cytoplasmic side of desmosomes?
Plakoglobin and desmoplakin
What is the main function of microvilli found on epithelial cells?
Absorption of nutrients
Which of the following is NOT a main function of epithelia as mentioned in the text?
Muscle Contraction
What is the region of the cell that contacts the connective tissue known as?
Basal pole
Which type of collagen is found in the reticular lamina?
Type 3 collagen
What are the two layers of the basement membrane?
Basal lamina and Reticular lamina
Which connective tissue underlies the epithelia lining the organs in digestive, respiratory, and urinary systems?
Lamina propria
Which glycoprotein holds together laminin and type 4 collagen at the basal pole?
Entactin/nidogen
What are the sizes and shapes that epithelia can be classified into?
Columnar, Cuboidal, Squamous
'Lamina propria' is a connective tissue that underlies the epithelia lining which organs?
Òigestive, Respiratory, and Urinary systems
Which part of the cilia is responsible for its movement?
Axoneme
Where is stratified squamous keratinized epithelium typically found?
Skin epidermis
What type of epithelium lines the urinary tract?
Transitional epithelium
Which type of epithelium has cells that are taller than they are wide?
Columnar
What is the main difference between stratified squamous keratinized and nonkeratinized epithelium?
Presence of keratin
Where are stratified columnar epithelial cells typically found?
Eyelids
In which type of epithelium are cells heavily ciliated?
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
What is the core structure of cilia made up of?
9 peripheral microtubular doublets and 2 central microtubules
What is the main function of a Goblet cell?
Secreting lubricating mucus
What is the key difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?
Exocrine glands lose connection with the original epithelium, while endocrine glands keep connection with the surface epithelium.
Which type of glands can have branching ducts and multiple secretory portions?
Compound glands
What are the 2 mechanisms of protein secretion in multicellular glands?
Merocrine secretion and exocytosis
Which type of gland accumulates products as cells mature and release them by disrupting?
Holocrine gland
What is the main role of connective tissue in glands?
To separate glands into lobules
Which type of epithelial cells can be found in simple cuboidal and pseudostratified epithelia?
Sensory cells
What kind of secretory portions can acinar glands have?
Sac-like
What type of secretion involves the products being extruded to release along with a bit of cytoplasm and plasma membrane?
Apocrine secretion
Which type of cells stain with basophilic or acidophilic stains?
Serous cells
What do mucous cells, such as goblet cells, contain?
Mucins
What type of salivary glands are described as having both serous acini and mucous tubules?
Mixed seromucous glands
Where are myoepithelial cells found in exocrine glands?
Around the basal ends of secretory or duct cells
What helps propel secretory products into and up the duct system?
Contraction of myoepithelial cells
What is the main mechanism involved in the transport across epithelia within cells?
$Na^{+}/K^{+}$ pumps
What process involves the movement of molecules between the apical and basolateral membranes in cells?
$Transcytosis$
Learn about the structure of cilia, including the core structure and movement mechanisms, along with the two main groups of epithelia: covering and secretory. Explore the characteristics of simple and stratified epithelia.
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