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What type of emphysema is characterized by enlarged airspaces adjacent to the lobular septa to the same degree as those in the center of the lobule?
What type of emphysema is characterized by enlarged airspaces adjacent to the lobular septa to the same degree as those in the center of the lobule?
- Paraseptal emphysema
- Panacinar emphysema (correct)
- Distal acinar emphysema
- Centriacinar emphysema
Which type of emphysema is most striking adjacent to the pleura, along lobular septa, at the margins of lobules and acini, and along vessels and airways?
Which type of emphysema is most striking adjacent to the pleura, along lobular septa, at the margins of lobules and acini, and along vessels and airways?
- Distal acinar emphysema (correct)
- Panacinar emphysema
- Centriacinar emphysema
- Paraseptal emphysema
Which type of emphysema is usually limited in extent and found most commonly along the anterior and posterior parts of the upper lobe and along the posterior surface of the lower lobe?
Which type of emphysema is usually limited in extent and found most commonly along the anterior and posterior parts of the upper lobe and along the posterior surface of the lower lobe?
- Centriacinar emphysema
- Panacinar emphysema
- Distal acinar emphysema
- Paraseptal emphysema (correct)
Which type of emphysema is characterized by the original description of collections of subpleural bullae?
Which type of emphysema is characterized by the original description of collections of subpleural bullae?
Which type of emphysema is characterized by enlarged airspaces that are most severe in the upper half of the lung when the condition is extensive?
Which type of emphysema is characterized by enlarged airspaces that are most severe in the upper half of the lung when the condition is extensive?
Which type of emphysema is characterized by the lesions extending into the substance of the lung, where they lay along the septa?
Which type of emphysema is characterized by the lesions extending into the substance of the lung, where they lay along the septa?
What is a common finding associated with panacinar emphysema?
What is a common finding associated with panacinar emphysema?
Which type of emphysema is most known for its association with spontaneous pneumothoraces in young thin adults?
Which type of emphysema is most known for its association with spontaneous pneumothoraces in young thin adults?
What is a characteristic feature of centriacinar emphysema?
What is a characteristic feature of centriacinar emphysema?
Which type of emphysema is almost invariably adjacent to a scar?
Which type of emphysema is almost invariably adjacent to a scar?
What does the severity of irregular emphysema depend on?
What does the severity of irregular emphysema depend on?
What term is used to describe emphysema characterized by the enlargement of airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles?
What term is used to describe emphysema characterized by the enlargement of airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles?
Which term is commonly observed in association with centriacinar emphysema?
Which term is commonly observed in association with centriacinar emphysema?
What separates emphysema from mere enlargement of airspaces?
What separates emphysema from mere enlargement of airspaces?
The National Institutes of Health defines destruction in emphysema when there is nonuniformity in the pattern of respiratory airspace enlargement, leading to what outcome?
The National Institutes of Health defines destruction in emphysema when there is nonuniformity in the pattern of respiratory airspace enlargement, leading to what outcome?
Which type of emphysema involves an increase in airspace size compared to normal lungs and can be found in the focal areas of lungs?
Which type of emphysema involves an increase in airspace size compared to normal lungs and can be found in the focal areas of lungs?
What distinguishes panacinar emphysema from other types of emphysema?
What distinguishes panacinar emphysema from other types of emphysema?
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Study Notes
Emphysema Types
- Panacinar emphysema: airspaces adjacent to the lobular septa are enlarged to the same degree as those in the center of the lobule.
Distal Acinar Emphysema (Paraseptal Emphysema)
- Characterized by collections of subpleural bullae.
- Lesions extend into the substance of the lung, where they lay along the septa.
- Emphysema is most striking adjacent to the pleura (superficial emphysema or mantel emphysema), along lobular septa, at the margins of lobules and acini, and along vessels and airways.
- Characterized by multiple contiguous, enlarged airspaces, varying from 2 cm in diameter.
- Usually limited in extent and found most commonly along the anterior and posterior parts of the upper lobe and along the posterior surface of the lower lobe.
- Frequently associated with centriacinar emphysema and spontaneous pneumothoraces in young thin adults.
Irregular Emphysema
- Characterized by irregular involvement of the acinus.
- Almost invariably adjacent to a scar, giving rise to the synonyms scar or paracicatricial emphysema.
- Severity depends on the extent of damage to lung tissue.
- Multiple scars through the lung may lead to multiple foci of irregular emphysema.
Morphology of Emphysema
- Emphysema is defined as airspace enlargement accompanied by destruction of their walls.
- Destruction is characterized by nonuniformity in the pattern of respiratory airspace enlargement, disturbing the orderly appearance of the acinus and its components.
- Emphysema is a subset of airspace enlargement, defined as an increase in airspace size as compared with the airspace of normal lungs.
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