17 Questions
What does the telomere region of a chromosome contain?
5'-TTAGGG-3' sequence
The centromere region of a chromosome is responsible for what function?
Segregation of the replicated chromosome during mitosis and meiosis
What is the physical structure of a chromosome composed of?
Double-stranded DNA molecules
What are the two arms of a chromosome?
A long arm (q) and a short arm (p)
What is the first step in the replication of a chromosome?
Identification of the ori-site
What is the Okazaki fragment part of?
The lagging strand
What phenomenon results in the shortening of the lagging strand during chromosome replication?
The inability of enzymes to fully replicate the end of a chromosome
What occurs after the DNA is unwound during chromosome replication?
The replication fork is formed
What is needed for the synthesis of Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand?
RNA primers attaching ahead on the lagging strand
What does the state of cellular senescence result in?
Irreversible growth arrest
What can trigger cellular senescence?
Telomeric shortening
What does the Hayflick limit refer to?
The maximum replicative capacity of cells
What happens when cells reach the Hayflick limit?
Cells can no longer divide
What is contact inhibition in the context of cellular density?
Cells become more sensitive to inhibition by neighboring cells
What contributes to cellular senescence during DNA replication?
Telomeric shortening
What can cause aging and senescence apart from telomeric shortening?
Oxygen free radical damage
Which factor is not mentioned as a contributor to cellular senescence?
Cell growth
Test your knowledge on chromosome structure and telomeres! Learn about the composition of sister chromatids, the long and short arms of a chromosome, and the important role of telomeres in DNA replication and cell aging.
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